Publication:
Low Percentage of Vegetable Fat in Red Blood Cells Is Associated with Worse Glucose Metabolism and Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes.

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Date

2022-03-25

Authors

Chiva-Blanch, Gemma
Giro, Oriol
Cofan, Montserrat
Calle-Pascual, Alfonso L
Delgado, Elias
Gomis, Ramon
Jimenez, Amanda
Franch-Nadal, Josep
Rojo Martinez, Gemma
Ortega, Emilio

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Abstract

The identification of nutritional patterns associated with the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D) might help lead the way to a more efficient and personalized nutritional intervention. Our study is aimed at evaluating the association between fatty acids (FA) in red blood cell (RBC) membranes, as a quantitative biomarker of regular dietary fat intake, and incident type 2 diabetes in a Spanish population. We included 1032 adult Spaniards (57% women, age 49 ± 15 years, 18% prediabetes), without diabetes at study entry, from the Di@bet.es cohort. Incident diabetes was diagnosed at the end of the study follow-up. The FA percentage in RBC was determined at baseline by gas chromatography. Participants were followed on average 7.5 ± 0.6 years. Lower percentages of linoleic acid (LA), α-linolenic (ALA), and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and higher percentages of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in RBC membranes were associated, independently of classical risk factors, with worse glucose metabolism at the end of the study follow-up. In addition, higher percentages of ALA and EPA, and moderate percentages of DHA, were associated with lower risk of diabetes. No significant associations were found for LA and diabetes risk. Dietary patterns rich in vegetables are independently associated with lower risk of both deterioration of glucose regulation and incident diabetes, and should be reinforced for the prevention of diabetes.

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Adult
Docosahexaenoic Acids
Eicosapentaenoic Acid
Erythrocytes
Fatty Acids
Fatty Acids, Omega-3
Female
Glucose
Humans
Incidence
Linoleic Acid
Male
Middle Aged
Vegetables

DeCS Terms

Membranas
Glucosa
Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2
Ácido linoleico
Cromatografía de gases
Estado prediabético

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Keywords

Alpha-linolenic acid, Fatty acids, Linoleic acid, Omega-3 fatty acids, Type 2 diabetes, Worse of glucose metabolism

Citation

Chiva-Blanch G, Giró O, Cofán M, Calle-Pascual AL, Delgado E, Gomis R, et al. Low Percentage of Vegetable Fat in Red Blood Cells Is Associated with Worse Glucose Metabolism and Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes. Nutrients. 2022 Mar 25;14(7):1368