Publication:
Implication of Neutrophils Extracellular Traps in the Pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia.

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Date

2022-10-17

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Perez-Guerrero, Patricia
Illanes-Alvarez, Francisco
Marquez-Ruiz, Denisse
Campaña-Gomez, Irene
Cuesta-Sancho, Sara
Marquez-Coello, Mercedes
Giron-Gonzalez, Jose-Antonio

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MDPI
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Abstract

Peripheral blood polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) forming extracellular traps (NETs), as well as endothelial- and platelet-derived parameters, have been analyzed in patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia, and their prognostic role has been evaluated. Eighty-seven consecutive patients hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia were prospectively selected. A sample of 30 healthy individuals served as the control group. Clinical and oxygenation (oxygen saturation to fraction of inspired oxygen ratio-SpO2/FiO2) characteristics and PMNs forming NETs, serum levels of myeloperoxidase, E-selectin, vascular cell adhesion molecule 1-VCAM1-vascular endothelial growth factor, P-selectin, platelet factor 4 and plasma concentrations of D-dimer were evaluated at hospital admission, at discharge and 14 days after discharge. Intensive care unit admission or death was the primary composite endpoint. Patients showed a higher number of PMNs forming NETs than healthy controls. The absolute number of PMNs forming NETs was inversely correlated with oxygen status (SpO2/FiO2) and positively with inflammatory (C-reactive protein, ferritin) markers and VCAM1. A decrease in, but not a normalization of NETs and endothelial-derived parameters was observed in patients who survived. In conclusion, the formation of NETs runs parallel to that of other inflammatory and endothelial activation markers, and is inverse to the oxygenation parameters, supporting a pathogenic role for PMNs in this entity.

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MeSH Terms

SARS-CoV-2
Polymorphonuclear neutrophils
Vascular cell adhesion molecule 1
Vascular growth endothelial factor

DeCS Terms

Crecimiento
Molécula 1 de adhesión celular vascular
Neutrófilos

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Keywords

COVID-19, CXC chemokine ligand 4/Platelet factor 4, E-selectin, NETs, P-selectin

Citation

Pérez-Guerrero P, Illanes-Álvarez F, Márquez-Ruiz D, Campaña-Gómez I, Cuesta-Sancho S, Márquez-Coello M, et al. Implication of Neutrophils Extracellular Traps in the Pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. Biomedicines. 2022 Oct 20;10(10):2638