Publication:
Antibiotic-Loaded Polymeric Barrier Membranes for Guided Bone/Tissue Regeneration: A Mini-Review

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Date

2022-02-14

Authors

Toledano-Osorio, Manuel
Vallecillo, Cristina
Vallecillo-Rivas, Marta
Manzano-Moreno, Francisco-Javier
Osorio, Raquel

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MDPI AG
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Abstract

Polymeric membranes are frequently used for bone regeneration in oral and periodontal surgery. Polymers provide adequate mechanical properties (i.e., Young's modulus) to support oral function and also pose some porosity with interconnectivity to permit for cell proliferation and migration. Bacterial contamination of the membrane is an event that may lead to infection at the bone site, hindering the clinical outcomes of the regeneration procedure. Therefore, polymeric membranes have been proposed as carriers for local antibiotic therapy. A literature search was performed for papers, including peer-reviewed publications. Among the different membranes, collagen is the most employed biomaterial. Collagen membranes and expanded polytetrafluoroethylene loaded with tetracyclines, and polycaprolactone with metronidazole are the combinations that have been assayed the most. Antibiotic liberation is produced in two phases. A first burst release is sometimes followed by a sustained liberation lasting from 7 to 28 days. All tested combinations of membranes and antibiotics provoke an antibacterial effect, but most of the time, they were measured against single bacteria cultures and usually non-specific pathogenic bacteria were employed, limiting the clinical relevance of the attained results. The majority of the studies on animal models state a beneficial effect of these antibiotic functionalized membranes, but human clinical assays are scarce and controversial.

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MeSH Terms

Anti-Bacterial Agents
Metronidazole
polycaprolactone
Polymers
Biocompatible Materials
Tetracyclines
Polytetrafluoroethylene
Porosity
Clinical Relevance
Protein Synthesis Inhibitors
Collagen
Bacteria
Bone Regeneration
Cell Proliferation

DeCS Terms

Antibacterianos
Bacterias
Colágeno
Inhibidores de la síntesis de la proteína
Materiales biocompatibles
Metronidazol
Politetrafluoroetileno
Polímeros
Porosidad
Proliferación celular
Regeneración ósea
Relevancia clínica
Tetraciclinas

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Keywords

barrier membrane, polymer, collagen, antibiotic, bone regeneration, Tissue regeneration, Bone regeneration, Antibacterial efficacy, Bacterial adhesion, Collagen membrane, Tetracycline, Release, Metronidazole, Defects, Attachment

Citation

Toledano-Osorio M, Vallecillo C, Vallecillo-Rivas M, Manzano-Moreno FJ, Osorio R. Antibiotic-Loaded Polymeric Barrier Membranes for Guided Bone/Tissue Regeneration: A Mini-Review. Polymers (Basel). 2022 Feb 21;14(4):840.