Publication: The Escape of Cancer from T Cell-Mediated Immune Surveillance: HLA Class I Loss and Tumor Tissue Architecture
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Identifiers
Date
2017-02-27
Authors
Garrido, Federico
Perea, Francisco
Bernal, Mónica
Sánchez-Palencia, Abel
Aptsiauri, Natalia
Ruiz-Cabello, Francisco
Advisors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
MDPI
Abstract
Tumor immune escape is associated with the loss of tumor HLA class I (HLA-I) expression commonly found in malignant cells. Accumulating evidence suggests that the efficacy of immunotherapy depends on the expression levels of HLA class I molecules on tumors cells. It also depends on the molecular mechanism underlying the loss of HLA expression, which could be reversible/"soft" or irreversible/"hard" due to genetic alterations in HLA, β2-microglobulin or IFN genes. Immune selection of HLA-I negative tumor cells harboring structural/irreversible alterations has been demonstrated after immunotherapy in cancer patients and in experimental cancer models. Here, we summarize recent findings indicating that tumor HLA-I loss also correlates with a reduced intra-tumor T cell infiltration and with a specific reorganization of tumor tissue. T cell immune selection of HLA-I negative tumors results in a clear separation between the stroma and the tumor parenchyma with leucocytes, macrophages and other mononuclear cells restrained outside the tumor mass. Better understanding of the structural and functional changes taking place in the tumor microenvironment may help to overcome cancer immune escape and improve the efficacy of different immunotherapeutic strategies. We also underline the urgent need for designing strategies to enhance tumor HLA class I expression that could improve tumor rejection by cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL).
Description
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mechanisms of Tumor Escape from Host Immunity)
MeSH Terms
Medical Subject Headings::Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans
Medical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Therapeutics::Biological Therapy::Immunomodulation::Immunotherapy
Medical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Immune System Phenomena::Immune System Processes::Lymphocyte Activation
Medical Subject Headings::Anatomy::Cells::Phagocytes::Macrophages
Medical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Genetic Phenomena::Genetic Variation::Mutation
Medical Subject Headings::Diseases::Neoplasms
Medical Subject Headings::Anatomy::Cells::Blood Cells::Leukocytes::Leukocytes, Mononuclear::Lymphocytes::Lymphocyte Subsets::T-Lymphocyte Subsets::T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic
Medical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Immune System Phenomena::Immune System Processes::Tumor Escape
Medical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Cell Physiological Phenomena::Cellular Microenvironment::Tumor Microenvironment
Medical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Therapeutics::Biological Therapy::Immunomodulation::Immunotherapy
Medical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Immune System Phenomena::Immune System Processes::Lymphocyte Activation
Medical Subject Headings::Anatomy::Cells::Phagocytes::Macrophages
Medical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Genetic Phenomena::Genetic Variation::Mutation
Medical Subject Headings::Diseases::Neoplasms
Medical Subject Headings::Anatomy::Cells::Blood Cells::Leukocytes::Leukocytes, Mononuclear::Lymphocytes::Lymphocyte Subsets::T-Lymphocyte Subsets::T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic
Medical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Immune System Phenomena::Immune System Processes::Tumor Escape
Medical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Cell Physiological Phenomena::Cellular Microenvironment::Tumor Microenvironment
DeCS Terms
CIE Terms
Keywords
HLA class I loss, Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), Tumor immune escape, Humanos, Inmunoterapia, Activación de linfocitos, Macrófagos, Mutación, Neoplasia, Linfocitos t citotóxicos, Escape del Tumor, Microambiente tumoral
Citation
Garrido F, Perea F, Bernal M, Sánchez-Palencia A, Aptsiauri N, Ruiz-Cabello F. The Escape of Cancer from T Cell-Mediated Immune Surveillance: HLA Class I Loss and Tumor Tissue Architecture. Vaccines (Basel). 2017;5(1). pii: E7