Publication:
Impact of the Content of Fatty Acids of Oral Fat Tolerance Tests on Postprandial Triglyceridemia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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Date

2016-09-12

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Monfort-Pires, Milena
Delgado-Lista, Javier
Gomez-Delgado, Francisco
Lopez-Miranda, Jose
Perez-Martinez, Pablo
Gouvea Ferreira, Sandra Roberta

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MDPI
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Abstract

Whether the content of saturated (SFA), monounsaturated (MUFA), and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) could differently influence postprandial triglycerides (TG) is unknown. We examined possible differences in the postprandial TG response to fat tolerance tests (FTTs), in which SFA or unsaturated fatty acids were used. Crossover clinical trials investigating the effects of FTTs containing SFA and unsaturated fats on postprandial triglyceridemia in databases from 1994 until 2016 were searched. Of 356 studies, 338 were excluded and 18 were considered. TG net incremental areas under the curve were calculated using time-points or changes from baseline. Pooled effects of standardized mean differences and I-2 test were used. Results: In 12 studies, responses to SFA versus PUFA meals, and in 16 studies versus MUFA meals were compared. Over 4 h, no differences between SFA and unsaturated fats were observed. Over 8 h a lower response to PUFA (SMD -2.28; 95% CI -4.16, -0.41) and a trend to lower response to MUFA (SMD -0.89, 95% CI -1.82, 0.04) were detected. FTTs shorter than 8 h may not be sufficient to differentiate postprandial TG after challenges with distinct fatty acids. Clinical significance of different postprandial TG responses on cardiovascular risk in the long-term deserves investigation.

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MeSH Terms

Cardiovascular diseases
Clinical relevance
Fatty acids
Fatty acids, unsaturated
Triglycerides
Heart disease risk factors
cyclo(Arg-Pro)

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Enfermedades cardiovasculares
Factores de riesgo de enfermedad cardiaca
Relevancia clínica
Triglicéridos
Ácidos grasos
Ácidos grasos insaturados

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Keywords

Fat tolerance test, Postprandial triglycerides, Saturated fatty acids, Polyunsaturated fatty acids, Monounsaturated fatty acids, Nonfasting triglycerides, Insulin sensitivity, Olive oil, Men, Lipemia, Dietary, Risk, Meal, Women, Inflammation

Citation

Monfort-Pires M, Delgado-Lista J, Gomez-Delgado F, Lopez-Miranda J, Perez-Martinez P, Ferreira SR. Impact of the Content of Fatty Acids of Oral Fat Tolerance Tests on Postprandial Triglyceridemia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients. 2016 Sep 21;8(9):580