Publication:
Extrahypothalamic Control of Energy Balance and Its Connection with Reproduction: Roles of the Amygdala

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Date

2021-12-03

Authors

Pineda, Rafael
Torres, Encarnacion
Tena-Sempere, Manuel

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MDPI
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Abstract

Body energy and metabolic homeostasis are exquisitely controlled by multiple, often overlapping regulatory mechanisms, which permit the tight adjustment between fuel reserves, internal needs, and environmental (e.g., nutritional) conditions. As such, this function is sensitive to and closely connected with other relevant bodily systems, including reproduction and gonadal function. The aim of this mini-review article is to summarize the most salient experimental data supporting a role of the amygdala as a key brain region for emotional learning and behavior, including reward processing, in the physiological control of feeding and energy balance. In particular, a major focus will be placed on the putative interplay between reproductive signals and amygdala pathways, as it pertains to the control of metabolism, as complementary, extrahypothalamic circuit for the integral control of energy balance and gonadal function.

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Medical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Reproductive and Urinary Physiological Phenomena::Reproductive Physiological Phenomena::Reproductive Physiological Processes::Reproduction
Medical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Physiological Processes::Homeostasis
Medical Subject Headings::Psychiatry and Psychology::Psychological Phenomena and Processes::Mental Processes::Learning::Reinforcement (Psychology)::Reward
Medical Subject Headings::Anatomy::Nervous System::Central Nervous System::Brain
Medical Subject Headings::Anatomy::Nervous System::Central Nervous System::Brain::Limbic System::Amygdala
Medical Subject Headings::Anatomy::Nervous System::Central Nervous System::Brain::Brain Stem::Rhombencephalon::Metencephalon::Cerebellum::Cerebellar Nuclei
Medical Subject Headings::Psychiatry and Psychology::Psychological Phenomena and Processes::Mental Processes::Learning::Cues
Medical Subject Headings::Disciplines and Occupations::Natural Science Disciplines::Biological Science Disciplines::Neurosciences::Neuroendocrinology
Medical Subject Headings::Anatomy::Nervous System::Central Nervous System::Brain::Limbic System::Olfactory Pathways::Olfactory Bulb
Medical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Data Collection::Vital Statistics::Morbidity::Prevalence
Medical Subject Headings::Anatomy::Nervous System::Central Nervous System::Brain::Limbic System::Hippocampus
Medical Subject Headings::Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena::Social Sciences::Cost of Illness
Medical Subject Headings::Diseases::Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases::Nutrition Disorders::Overnutrition::Obesity
Medical Subject Headings::Psychiatry and Psychology::Psychological Phenomena and Processes::Mental Processes::Learning::Reinforcement (Psychology)::Reward
Medical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Digestive System and Oral Physiological Phenomena::Digestive System Physiological Phenomena::Digestive System Processes::Eating

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Keywords

Metabolism, Amygdala, Estrogens, Neuropeptides, Kisspeptins, Food intake, Energy balance, Body weight, Obesity, Metabolismo, Amígdala del cerebelo, Estrógenos, Neuropéptidos, Kisspeptinas, Ingestión de alimentos, Peso corporal, Obesidad

Citation

Pineda R, Torres E, Tena-Sempere M. Extrahypothalamic Control of Energy Balance and Its Connection with Reproduction: Roles of the Amygdala. Metabolites. 2021 Dec 3;11(12):837