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Physical activity, mediating factors and risk of colon cancer: insights into adiposity and circulating biomarkers from the EPIC cohort.

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2017

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Aleksandrova, Krasimira
Jenab, Mazda
Leitzmann, Michael
Bueno-de-Mesquita, Bas
Kaaks, Rudolf
Trichopoulou, Antonia
Bamia, Christina
Lagiou, Pagona
Rinaldi, Sabina
Freisling, Heinz

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Abstract

There is convincing evidence that high physical activity lowers the risk of colon cancer; however, the underlying biological mechanisms remain largely unknown. We aimed to determine the extent to which body fatness and biomarkers of various biologically plausible pathways account for the association between physical activity and colon cancer. We conducted a nested case-control study in a cohort of 519 978 men and women aged 25 to 70 years followed from 1992 to 2003. A total of 713 incident colon cancer cases were matched, using risk-set sampling, to 713 controls on age, sex, study centre, fasting status and hormonal therapy use. The amount of total physical activity during the past year was expressed in metabolic equivalent of task [MET]-h/week. Anthropometric measurements and blood samples were collected at study baseline. High physical activity was associated with a lower risk of colon cancer: relative risk ≥91 MET-h/week vs Promoting physical activity, particularly outdoors, and maintaining metabolic health and adequate vitamin D levels could represent a promising strategy for colon cancer prevention.

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MeSH Terms

Adiposity
Adult
Aged
Biomarkers
Body Mass Index
Case-Control Studies
Colonic Neoplasms
Europe
Exercise
Female
Humans
Logistic Models
Male
Middle Aged
Prospective Studies
Risk Factors
Vitamin D
Waist Circumference

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Keywords

Physical activity, adiposity, biomarkers, colon cancer, mediating factors

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