Publication: Characterization of NO-Induced Nitrosative Status in Human Placenta from Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
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Date
2017-01-01
Authors
Visiedo, Francisco
Santos-Rosendo, Celeste
Mateos-Bernal, Rosa M.
del Mar Gil-Sanchez, M.
Bugatto, Fernando
Aguilar-Diosdado, Manuel
Segundo, Carmen
Lopez-Tinoco, Cristina
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Hindawi ltd
Abstract
Dysregulation of NO production is implicated in pregnancy-related diseases, including gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The role of NO and its placental targets in GDM pregnancies has yet to be determined. S-Nitrosylation is the NO-derived posttranslational protein modification that can modulate biological functions by forming NO-derived complexes with longer half-life, termed S-nitrosothiol (SNO). Our aim was to examine the presence of endogenous S-nitrosylated proteins in cysteine residues in relation to antioxidant defense, apoptosis, and cellular signal transduction in placental tissue from control (n = 8) and GDM (n = 8) pregnancies. S-Nitrosylation was measured using the biotin-switch assay, while the expression and protein activity were assessed by immunoblotting and colorimetric methods, respectively. Results indicated that catalase and peroxiredoxin nitrosylation levels were greater in GDM placentas, and that was accompanied by reduced catalase activity. S-Nitrosylation of ERK1/2 and AKT was increased in GDM placentas, and their activities were inhibited. Activities of caspase-3 and caspase-9 were increased, with the latter also showing diminished nitrosylation levels. These findings suggest that S-nitrosylation is a little-known, but critical, mechanism by which NO directlymodulates key placental proteins in women with GDM and, as a consequence, maternal and fetal anomalies during pregnancy can occur.
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Keywords
Protein s-nitrosylation, Nitric-oxide, Oxidative stress, Apoptosis, Pathophysiology, Trophoblasts, Expression, Erk1/2, P38