Publication: A moderate diet restriction during pregnancy alters the levels of endocannabinoids and endocannabinoid-related lipids in the hypothalamus, hippocampus and olfactory bulb of rat offspring in a sex-specific manner
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Identifiers
Date
2017-03-27
Authors
Ramírez-López, María Teresa
Vázquez, Mariam
Lomazzo, Ermelinda
Hofmann, Clementine
Blanco, Rosario Noemi
Alén, Francisco
Antón, María
Decara, Juan
Arco, Rocío
Orio, Laura
Advisors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Public Libray of Science
Abstract
Undernutrition during pregnancy has been associated to increased vulnerability to develop metabolic and behavior alterations later in life. The endocannabinoid system might play an important role in these processes. Therefore, we investigated the effects of a moderate maternal calorie-restricted diet on the levels of the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoyl glycerol (2-AG), arachidonic acid (AA) and the N-acylethanolamines (NAEs) anandamide (AEA), oleoylethanolamide (OEA) and palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) in the brain of newborn rat offspring. We focused on brain structures involved in metabolism, feeding behavior, as well as emotional and cognitive responses. Female Wistar rats were assigned during the entire pregnancy to either control diet (C) or restriction diet (R), consisting of a 20% calorie-restricted diet. Weight gain and caloric intake of rat dams were monitored and birth outcomes were assessed. 2-AG, AA and NAE levels were measured in hypothalamus, hippocampus and olfactory bulb of the offspring. R dams displayed lower gain weight from the middle pregnancy and consumed less calories during the entire pregnancy. Offspring from R dams were underweight at birth, but litter size was unaffected. In hypothalamus, R male offspring displayed decreased levels of AA and OEA, with no change in the levels of the endocannabinoids 2-AG and AEA. R female exhibited decreased 2-AG and PEA levels. The opposite was found in the hippocampus, where R male displayed increased 2-AG and AA levels, and R female exhibited elevated levels of AEA, AA and PEA. In the olfactory bulb, only R female presented decreased levels of AEA, AA and PEA. Therefore, a moderate diet restriction during the entire pregnancy alters differentially the endocannabinoids and/or endocannabinoid-related lipids in hypothalamus and hippocampus of the underweight offspring, similarly in both sexes, whereas sex-specific alterations occur in the olfactory bulb. Consequently, endocannabinoid and endocannabinoid-related lipid signaling alterations might be involved in the long-term and sexual dimorphism effects commonly observed after undernutrition and low birth weight.
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MeSH Terms
Medical Subject Headings::Diseases::Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases::Nutrition Disorders::Malnutrition
Medical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Reproductive and Urinary Physiological Phenomena::Reproductive Physiological Phenomena::Reproductive Physiological Processes::Reproduction::Pregnancy
Medical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Lipids::Fatty Acids::Endocannabinoids
Medical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Lipids::Fatty Acids::Fatty Acids, Unsaturated::Arachidonic Acids
Medical Subject Headings::Anatomy::Nervous System::Central Nervous System::Brain
Medical Subject Headings::Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Animal Population Groups::Animals, Newborn
Medical Subject Headings::Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Rodentia::Muridae::Murinae::Rats::Rats, Wistar
Medical Subject Headings::Check Tags::Female
Medical Subject Headings::Check Tags::Male
Medical Subject Headings::Psychiatry and Psychology::Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms::Emotions
Medical Subject Headings::Psychiatry and Psychology::Psychological Phenomena and Processes::Mental Processes::Cognition
Medical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Nutritional Physiological Phenomena::Diet::Energy Intake::Caloric Restriction
Medical Subject Headings::Anatomy::Nervous System::Central Nervous System::Brain::Limbic System::Hypothalamus
Medical Subject Headings::Anatomy::Nervous System::Central Nervous System::Brain::Limbic System::Hippocampus
Medical Subject Headings::Anatomy::Nervous System::Central Nervous System::Brain::Limbic System::Olfactory Pathways::Olfactory Bulb
Medical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Anthropometry::Body Weights and Measures::Body Size::Body Weight::Birth Weight
Medical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Reproductive and Urinary Physiological Phenomena::Reproductive Physiological Phenomena::Reproductive Physiological Processes::Reproduction::Pregnancy
Medical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Lipids::Fatty Acids::Endocannabinoids
Medical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Lipids::Fatty Acids::Fatty Acids, Unsaturated::Arachidonic Acids
Medical Subject Headings::Anatomy::Nervous System::Central Nervous System::Brain
Medical Subject Headings::Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Animal Population Groups::Animals, Newborn
Medical Subject Headings::Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Rodentia::Muridae::Murinae::Rats::Rats, Wistar
Medical Subject Headings::Check Tags::Female
Medical Subject Headings::Check Tags::Male
Medical Subject Headings::Psychiatry and Psychology::Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms::Emotions
Medical Subject Headings::Psychiatry and Psychology::Psychological Phenomena and Processes::Mental Processes::Cognition
Medical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Nutritional Physiological Phenomena::Diet::Energy Intake::Caloric Restriction
Medical Subject Headings::Anatomy::Nervous System::Central Nervous System::Brain::Limbic System::Hypothalamus
Medical Subject Headings::Anatomy::Nervous System::Central Nervous System::Brain::Limbic System::Hippocampus
Medical Subject Headings::Anatomy::Nervous System::Central Nervous System::Brain::Limbic System::Olfactory Pathways::Olfactory Bulb
Medical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Anthropometry::Body Weights and Measures::Body Size::Body Weight::Birth Weight
DeCS Terms
CIE Terms
Keywords
Desnutrición, Embarazo, Endocannabinoides, Ácido Araquidónico, Encéfalo, Animales recién nacidos, Ratas wistar, Femenino, Masculino, Emociones, Cognición, Restricción calórica, Hipotálamo, Hipocampo, Bulbo olfatorio, Peso al nacer
Citation
Ramírez-López MT,Vázquez M, Lomazzo E, Hofmann C, Blanco RN, Alén F, et al. A moderate diet restriction during pregnancy alters the levels of endocannabinoids and endocannabinoid-related lipids in the hypothalamus, hippocampus and olfactory bulb of rat offspring in a sex-specific manner. Plos One. 2017;12(3):e0174307.