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Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder With Regression Exhibit a Different Profile in Plasma Cytokines and Adhesion Molecules Compared to Children Without Such Regression.

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2018-09-05

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Gomez-Fernandez, Antonio
de la Torre-Aguilar, Maria J
Gil-Campos, Mercedes
Flores-Rojas, Katherine
Cruz-Rico, Maria D
Martin-Borreguero, Pilar
Perez-Navero, Juan Luis

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Frontiers Research Foundation
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Abstract

Background: In the etiopathogenesis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), it has been suggested that a proinflammatory condition, as well as an alteration in adhesion molecules in the early stages of neurodevelopment, may play a role in the pathophysiology of the disorder. This study set out to evaluate the plasma levels of certain inflammatory cytokines, adhesion molecules, and growth factors in a sample of pediatric patients with ASD and compare them to the levels in a control group of healthy children. Methods: Fifty-four children (45 males and nine females) aged 2-6, who were diagnosed with ASD, and a control group of 54 typically-developing children of similar ages were selected. The diagnosis of ASD was carried out in accordance with the DSM-5 criteria and the data obtained from a developmental semi-structured clinical interview and the ADOS evaluation test. Additional testing was carried out to identify the children's developmental level and severity of ASD symptomatology. Patients with ASD were further divided into two subgroups based on developmental parameters: ASD children with neurodevelopmental regression (AMR) and ASD children without neurodevelopmental regression (ANMR). Analyses of plasma molecules, such as cathepsin, IL1β, IL6, IL8, MPO, RANTES, MCP, BDNF, PAI NCAM, sICAM, sVCAM and NGF, were performed. Results: Higher levels of NGF were observed in the ASD group compared with the levels in the control group (p< 0.05). However, in the analysis of the ASD subgroups, lower plasma levels of NCAM and higher levels of NGF were found in the group of ASD children without evelopmental regression compared to the levels in the group of typically-developing children.

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MeSH Terms

Autism spectrum disorder
Cytokines
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor
Interleukin-6
Interleukin-8
Nerve growth factor
Cell adhesion molecules
Neural cell adhesion molecules

DeCS Terms

Citocinas
Factor neurotrófico derivado del encéfalo
Factor de crecimiento nervioso
Interleucina-6
Interleucina-8
Moléculas de adhesión celular
Moléculas de adhesión de célula nerviosa
Trastorno del espectro autista

CIE Terms

Keywords

Autism spectrum disorder, Cell adhesion molecules, Children, Cytokines, Neurodevelopmental regression

Citation

Gomez-Fernandez A, de la Torre-Aguilar MJ, Gil-Campos M, Flores-Rojas K, Cruz-Rico MD, Martin-Borreguero P, et al. Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder With Regression Exhibit a Different Profile in Plasma Cytokines and Adhesion Molecules Compared to Children Without Such Regression. Front Pediatr. 2018 Sep 26;6:264