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Utilización de un nuevo tornillo expansivo en pacientes con mala calidad ósea. Estudio multicéntrico.

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Date

2013-10

Authors

Rovira Gutierrez, Manuel
Fernandez Gonzalez, Manuel
Villar Perez, Julio
Perez Varela, Luis
Hernandez Pascua, Luis
Alia Benitez, Jose
Dominguez Ignacio, Esteban
Quintana Cruz, Jose Jaime
Zuñiga Gomez, Lorenzo
Izquierdo Nuñez, Enrique

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Sociedade Brasileira de Coluna (SBC)
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OBJETIVO: Observar el comportamiento del tornillo expansivo en pacientes con mala calidad ósea, su seguridad, técnica, manejo y complicaciones: porcentaje de aflojamiento, roturas, "pull-out" y pseudartrosis. MÉTODOS: Realizamos estudio prospectivo multicéntrico analizando factores de riesgo del paciente, VAS, tiempo quirúrgico, pérdida de sangre, emplazamiento de tornillos y complicaciones debidas al implante a la alta y a los 3, 12 y 24 meses. RESULTADOS: El 99% de los pacientes no tuvieron ninguna complicación permanente relacionada con el implante; sólo hubo un caso de radiculopatía no resuelta. En el 95% de los implantes, los tornillos se colocaron sin complicaciones; en el 5% aparecieron complicaciones relacionadas con la mala colocación o expansión del tornillo, resueltas en acto quirúrgico. Tiempo quirúrgico promedio por nivel, 56 min.; tiempo promedio por intervención, 2 horas 35 min. Sangramiento promedio por nivel intervenido, 211cc. Hemos tenido tres casos de "pull-out". El VAS evolucionó favorablemente de forma significativa, con reducciones promedio mayores a cuatro puntos. El estudio continuará hasta los cinco años, siendo estos los resultados preliminares. CONCLUSIONES: Este tipo de tornillos expansivos aportan un nuevo sistema de anclaje para pacientes con mala calidad ósea; son seguros y eficaces, ofrecen rapidez en su colocación, una menor exposición a los RXy, en caso de retirada del tornillo, dejan el camino libre para una nueva cirugía.
Objective: To observe the behavior of the expansive screw in patients with poor bone quality, its safety, the technique, conduct and complications: percentage of loosening, breaks, pull-outs and pseudoarthrosis. Methods: Prospective multicenter study analyzing the patient’s risk factors, VAS, surgery time, blood loss, location of the screws and complications due to the implant at the time of discharge, and at 3, 12 and 24 months. Results: 99% of the patients did not have any permanent complications related to the implant; there was only one case of unresolved radiculopathy. In 95% of the implants, the screws were placed without complications; in 5% percent of cases there were complications related to poor placement or expansion of the screw, which were resolved with the surgery. Mean intervention time per level: 56 minutes; average intervention time, 2 hours and 35 min. Average bleeding per level that received intervention, 211cc. There were three cases of “pull-out”. VAS evolved favorably and significantly, with average reduction greater than four points. The study will continue until age five, these being the preliminary results. Conclusions: This type of expansive screw provides a new anchoring system for patients with poor bone quality; it is safe and effective, easy to insert, and provides less exposure to X-ray, and in case of removal of the screw, it leaves the way free for a new surgery.

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Medical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Equipment and Supplies::Prostheses and Implants::Bone Screws
Medical Subject Headings::Anatomy::Musculoskeletal System::Skeleton::Bone and Bones
Medical Subject Headings::Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans
Medical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Epidemiologic Study Characteristics as Topic::Epidemiologic Studies::Cohort Studies::Longitudinal Studies::Prospective Studies
Medical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Equipment and Supplies::Prostheses and Implants
Medical Subject Headings::Diseases::Wounds and Injuries::Fractures, Bone::Fractures, Ununited::Pseudarthrosis
Medical Subject Headings::Diseases::Nervous System Diseases::Neuromuscular Diseases::Peripheral Nervous System Diseases::Radiculopathy
Medical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Statistics as Topic::Probability::Risk::Risk Factors
Medical Subject Headings::Health Care::Environment and Public Health::Public Health::Accidents::Accident Prevention::Safety
Medical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Surgical Procedures, Operative::Orthopedic Procedures::Arthrodesis::Spinal Fusion
Medical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Physical Phenomena::Magnetic Phenomena::Electromagnetic Phenomena::Electromagnetic Radiation::X-Rays

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Keywords

Arthrodesis, Spine, Bone screws, Postoperative complications, Osteoporosis, Huesos, Estudios prospectivos, Prótesis e implantes, Artrodesis, Columna vertebral, Tornillos óseos, Complicaciones postoperatorias

Citation

Rovira Gutierrez M, Fernandez Gonzalez M, Villar Perez J, Perez Varela L, Hernandez Pascua L, Alia Benitez J, et al. Utilización de un nuevo tornillo expansivo en pacientes con mala calidad ósea. Estudio multicéntrico. Coluna/Columna. 2013; 12(4):312-4