Publication:
Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids, Homocysteine at Birth and Fatty Acid Desaturase Gene Cluster Polymorphisms are Associated with Children's Processing Speed up to Age 9 Years.

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Date

2020-12-31

Authors

Campoy, Cristina
Azaryah, Hatim
Torres-Espinola, Francisco J
Martínez-Zaldivar, Cristina
Garcia-Santos, Jose Antonio
Demmelmair, Hans
Haile, Gudrun
Györei, Eszter
Ramirez-Tortosa, Maria Del Carmen
Reischl, Eva

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MDPI AG
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Abstract

Both pre- and early postnatal supplementation with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), arachidonic acid (AA) and folate have been related to neural development, but their long-term effects on later neural function remain unclear. We evaluated the long-term effects of maternal prenatal supplementation with fish-oil (FO), 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF), placebo or FO + 5-MTHF, as well as the role of fatty acid desaturase (FADS) gene cluster polymorphisms, on their offspring's processing speed at later school age. This study was conducted in NUHEAL children at 7.5 (n = 143) and 9 years of age (n = 127). Processing speed tasks were assessed using Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), Children Color Trails Test (CCTT) and Stroop Color and Word Test (SCWT). Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, folate and total homocysteine (tHcy) levels were determined at delivery from maternal and cord blood samples. FADS and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) 677 C > T genetic polymorphisms were analyzed. Mixed models (linear and logistic) were performed. There were significant differences in processing speed performance among children at different ages (p T genetic polymorphisms were analyzed. Mixed models (linear and logistic) were performed. There were significant differences in processing speed performance among children at different ages (p

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MeSH Terms

Adult
Brain
Child
Child Development
Cognition
Delta-5 Fatty Acid Desaturase
Dietary Supplements
Docosahexaenoic Acids
Fatty Acid Desaturases
Female
Fetal Blood
Follow-Up Studies
Homocysteine
Humans
Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
Infant, Newborn
Male
Maternal Age
Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2)
Multigene Family
Polymorphism, Genetic
Pregnancy
Stroop Test
Tetrahydrofolates
Young Adult

DeCS Terms

Ácidos docosahexaenoicos
Ácido graso desaturasas
Delta-5 Desaturasa de ácido graso
Tetrahidrofolatos
Test de stroop
Suplementos dietéticos
Polimorfismo genético
Metilenotetrahidrofolato reductasa (NADPH2)
Homocisteína
Fenómenos fisiológicos Nutricionales del lactante

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Keywords

FADS gene, children, folate, long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, neurodevelopment, prenatal supplementation, processing speed

Citation

Campoy C, Azaryah H, Torres-Espínola FJ, Martínez-Zaldívar C, García-Santos JA, Demmelmair H, et al. Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids, Homocysteine at Birth and Fatty Acid Desaturase Gene Cluster Polymorphisms are Associated with Children's Processing Speed up to Age 9 Years. Nutrients. 2020 Dec 31;13(1):131.