Publication: Case Characterization, Clinical Features and Risk Factors in Drug-Induced Liver Injury.
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Date
2016-05-12
Authors
Ortega-Alonso, Aida
Stephens, Camilla
Lucena, M Isabel
Andrade, Raúl J
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Abstract
Idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury (DILI) caused by xenobiotics (drugs, herbals and dietary supplements) presents with a range of both phenotypes and severity, from acute hepatitis indistinguishable of viral hepatitis to autoimmune syndromes, steatosis or rare chronic vascular syndromes, and from asymptomatic liver test abnormalities to acute liver failure. DILI pathogenesis is complex, depending on the interaction of drug physicochemical properties and host factors. The awareness of risk factors for DILI is arising from the analysis of large databases of DILI cases included in Registries and Consortia networks around the world. These networks are also enabling in-depth phenotyping with the identification of predictors for severe outcome, including acute liver failure and mortality/liver transplantation. Genome wide association studies taking advantage of these large cohorts have identified several alleles from the major histocompatibility complex system indicating a fundamental role of the adaptive immune system in DILI pathogenesis. Correct case definition and characterization is crucial for appropriate phenotyping, which in turn will strengthen sample collection for genotypic and future biomarkers studies.
Description
MeSH Terms
Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury
Female
Humans
Male
Female
Humans
Male
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Keywords
DILI, drug-induced liver injury, risk factors