Publication:
Phenotypes and endotypes of uncontrolled severe asthma: new treatments.

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Date

2013

Authors

Campo, P
Rodríguez, F
Sánchez-García, S
Barranco, P
Quirce, S
Pérez-Francés, C
Gómez-Torrijos, E
Cárdenas, R
Olaguibel, J M
Delgado, J

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Esmon Publicidad
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Abstract

El asma grave es una enfermedad heterogénea que constituye entre un 5-10% de los sujetos asmáticos, pero representan un porcentaje significativo del consumo de los recursos sanitarios. El asma grave se caracteriza por precisar tratamiento con altas dosis de corticosteroides, e incluye diversos fenotipos tanto clínicos como fisiopatológicos. Esta heterogeneidad dificulta en gran medida la caracterización de la enfermedad, y en la mayoría de los casos también la elección del tratamiento adecuado. Por esta razón, en los últimos años se ha hecho hincapié en la mejora en el conocimiento de los distintos fenotipos del asma grave, y en la identificación de biomarcadores para cada uno de ellos. Así mismo, también ha tomado fuerza el concepto de endotipo en referencia a los distintos subtipos de la enfermedad divididos en base a su mecanismo funcional o fisiopatológico único. En esta revisión serán discutidos los aspectos más relevantes de los fenotipos clínicos e inflamatorios del asma grave, incluyendo el asma grave infantil y los diferentes endotipos del asma grave serán discutidos en este capítulo. Así mismo, se revisan las principales opciones terapéuticas disponibles en este grupo de pacientes serán revisadas.
Severe asthma is a heterogeneous disease that affects only 5%-10% of asthmatic patients, although it accounts for a significant percentage of the consumption of health care resources. Severe asthma is characterized by the need for treatment with high doses of inhaled corticosteroids and includes several clinical and pathophysiological phenotypes. To a large extent, this heterogeneity restricts characterization of the disease and, in most cases, hinders the selection of appropriate treatment. In recent years, therefore, emphasis has been placed on improving our understanding of the various phenotypes of severe asthma and the identification of biomarkers for each of these phenotypes. Likewise, the concept of the endotype has been gaining acceptance with regard to the various subtypes of the disease, which are classified according to their unique functional or pathophysiological mechanism. This review discusses the most relevant aspects of the clinical and inflammatory phenotypes of severe asthma, including severe childhood asthma and the various endotypes of severe asthma. The main therapeutic options available for patients with uncontrolled severe asthma will also be reviewed.

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Journal Article; Review;

MeSH Terms

Medical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists::Hormones::Adrenal Cortex Hormones
Medical Subject Headings::Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Adult
Medical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Pharmacologic Actions::Therapeutic Uses::Respiratory System Agents::Anti-Asthmatic Agents
Medical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Pharmacologic Actions::Therapeutic Uses::Anti-Infective Agents::Anti-Bacterial Agents
Medical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins::Proteins::Blood Proteins::Immunoproteins::Immunoglobulins::Antibodies::Antibodies, Monoclonal
Medical Subject Headings::Diseases::Respiratory Tract Diseases::Bronchial Diseases::Asthma
Medical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Biological Factors::Biological Markers
Medical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Pharmacologic Actions::Therapeutic Uses::Respiratory System Agents::Anti-Asthmatic Agents::Bronchodilator Agents
Medical Subject Headings::Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Child
Medical Subject Headings::Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Child::Child, Preschool
Medical Subject Headings::Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans
Medical Subject Headings::Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Infant
Medical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Genetic Phenomena::Phenotype
Medical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Data Collection::Health Surveys::Health Status Indicators::Severity of Illness Index
Medical Subject Headings::Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Adolescent

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Keywords

Severe asthma, Biomarkers, Endotype, Phenotype, Treatment, Asma grave, Biomarcadores, Endotipo, Fenotipo, Tratamiento

Citation

Campo P, Rodríguez F, Sánchez-García S, Barranco P, Quirce S, Pérez-Francés C, et al. Phenotypes and endotypes of uncontrolled severe asthma: new treatments. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2013; 23(2):76-88; quiz 1 p. follow 88