Publication:
Effects of gamma radiation sterilization on the structural and biological properties of decellularized corneal xenografts.

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Date

2019-07-05

Authors

Islam, Mohammad Mirazul
Sharifi, Roholah
Mamodaly, Shamina
Islam, Rakibul
Nahra, Daniel
Abusamra, Dina B
Hui, Pui Chuen
Adibnia, Yashar
Goulamaly, Mehdi
Paschalis, Eleftherios I

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Elsevier
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Abstract

To address the shortcomings associated with corneal transplants, substantial efforts have been focused on developing new modalities such as xenotransplantion. Xenogeneic corneas are anatomically and biomechanically similar to the human cornea, yet their applications require prior decellularization to remove the antigenic components to avoid rejection. In the context of bringing decellularized corneas into clinical use, sterilization is a crucial step that determines the success of the transplantation. Well-standardized sterilization methods, such as gamma irradiation (GI), have been applied to decellularized porcine corneas (DPC) to avoid graft-associated infections in human recipients. However, little is known about the effect of GI on decellularized corneal xenografts. Here, we evaluated the radiation effect on the ultrastructure, optical, mechanical and biological properties of DPC. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that gamma irradiated decellularized porcine cornea (G-DPC) preserved its structural integrity. Moreover, the radiation did not reduce the optical properties of the tissue. Neither DPC nor G-DPC led to further activation of complement system compared to native porcine cornea when exposed to plasma. Although, DPC were mechanically comparable to the native tissue, GI increased the mechanical strength, tissue hydrophobicity and resistance to enzymatic degradation. Despite these changes, human corneal epithelial, stromal, endothelial and hybrid neuroblastoma cells grew and differentiated on DPC and G-DPC. Thus, GI may achieve effective tissue sterilization without affecting critical properties that are essential for corneal transplant survival.

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MeSH Terms

Animals
Cornea
Corneal transplantation
Disinfection
Gamma rays
Heterografts
Humans
Swine
Tissue scaffolds

DeCS Terms

Andamios del tejido
Córnea
Desinfección
Porcinos
Rayos gamma
Trasplante de córnea
Xenoinjertos

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Keywords

Acellular porcine cornea, Corneal transplant, Decellularization, Gamma irradiation sterilization, Recellularization

Citation

Islam MM, Sharifi R, Mamodaly S, Islam R, Nahra D, Abusamra DB, et al. Effects of gamma radiation sterilization on the structural and biological properties of decellularized corneal xenografts. Acta Biomater. 2019 Sep 15;96:330-344