Cederroth, Christopher R.Lugo, AlessandraEdvall, Niklas K.Lazar, AndraLopez-Escamez, Jose-AntonioBulla, JanUhlen, IngerHoare, Derek J.Baguley, David M.Canlon, BarbaraGallus, Silvano2022-08-252022-08-252020-07-28Cederroth CR, Lugo A, Edvall NK, Lazar A, Lopez-Escamez JA, Bulla J, et al. Association between Hyperacusis and Tinnitus. J Clin Med. 2020 Jul 28;9(8):2412http://hdl.handle.net/10668/3942Many individuals with tinnitus report experiencing hyperacusis (enhanced sensitivity to sounds). However, estimates of the association between hyperacusis and tinnitus is lacking. Here, we investigate this relationship in a Swedish study. A total of 3645 participants (1984 with tinnitus and 1661 without tinnitus) were enrolled via LifeGene, a study from the general Swedish population, aged 18-90 years, and provided information on socio-demographic characteristics, as well as presence of hyperacusis and its severity. Tinnitus presence and severity were self-reported or assessed using the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI). Phenotypes of tinnitus with (n = 1388) or without (n = 1044) hyperacusis were also compared. Of 1661 participants without tinnitus, 1098 (66.1%) were women and 563 were men (33.9%), and the mean (SD) age was 45.1 (12.9). Of 1984 participants with tinnitus, 1034 (52.1%) were women and 950 (47.9%) were men, and the mean (SD) age was 47.7 (14.0) years. Hyperacusis was associated with any tinnitus [Odds ratio (OR) 3.51, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.99-4.13], self-reported severe tinnitus (OR 7.43, 95% CI 5.06-10.9), and THI ≥ 58 (OR 12.1, 95% CI 7.06-20.6). The association with THI ≥ 58 was greater with increasing severity of hyperacusis, the ORs being 8.15 (95% CI 4.68-14.2) for moderate and 77.4 (95% CI 35.0-171.3) for severe hyperacusis. No difference between sexes was observed in the association between hyperacusis and tinnitus. The occurrence of hyperacusis in severe tinnitus is as high as 80%, showing a very tight relationship. Discriminating the pathophysiological mechanisms between the two conditions in cases of severe tinnitus will be challenging, and optimized study designs are necessary to better understand the mechanisms behind the strong relationship between hyperacusis and tinnitus.enAtribución 4.0 Internacionalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/TinnitusHyperacusisTMJHeadacheMigraineHearing lossSubtypeSomatosensoryAcúfenoHiperacusiaArticulación temporomandibularCefaleaTrastornos migrañososPérdida auditivaMedical Subject Headings::Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::HumansMedical Subject Headings::Check Tags::MaleMedical Subject Headings::Check Tags::FemaleMedical Subject Headings::Diseases::Nervous System Diseases::Neurologic Manifestations::Sensation Disorders::Hearing Disorders::HyperacusisMedical Subject Headings::Diseases::Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases::Ear Diseases::Hearing Disorders::TinnitusMedical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Statistics as Topic::Confidence IntervalsMedical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Statistics as Topic::Probability::Odds RatioMedical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Data Collection::Questionnaires::Self ReportMedical Subject Headings::Geographical Locations::Geographic Locations::Europe::Scandinavia::SwedenMedical Subject Headings::Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena::Social Sciences::DemographyMedical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Genetic Phenomena::Phenotyperesearch article32731492open access10.3390/jcm90824122077-0383PMC7465629