Arriola, EdurneGonzalez-Cao, MariaDomine, ManuelDe-Castro, JavierCobo, ManuelBernabe, ReyesNavarro, AlejandroSullivan, IvanaTrigo, Jose ManuelMosquera, JoaquinCrama, LeonardoIsla, Dolores2023-05-032023-05-032022-01-15Arriola E, González-Cao M, Domine M, De Castro J, Cobo M, Bernabé R, et al. Addition of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors to Chemotherapy vs Chemotherapy Alone as First-Line Treatment in Extensive-Stage Small-Cell Lung Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Oncol Ther. 2022 Jun;10(1):167-184http://hdl.handle.net/10668/21742The addition of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) to conventional chemotherapy (CT) as first-line treatment improves survival in extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). The aim of this meta-analysis was to determine the relative efficacy of first-line ICIs compared with CT in patients with ES-SCLC. Two independent reviewers extracted relevant data according to PRISMA guidelines and assessed the risk of bias using the Cochrane Collaboration's risk-of-bias tool. Meta-analysis was conducted using random-effects models to calculate an average effect size for overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and safety outcomes in the overall populations and clinically relevant subgroups. A literature search of PubMed and Embase was performed. Six randomized controlled clinical trials (IMpower133, CHECKMATE-451, CASPIAN, KEYNOTE-604, and phase II and III ipilimumab plus CT trials) with a total of 3757 patients were included. Compared with CT alone, ICIs plus CT showed a favourable effect on OS (hazard ratio [HR] 0.85; 95% confidence intervals [CI] 0.79-0.96) and PFS (HR 0.78; 95% CI 0.72-0.83) but a non-significant increase in the risk of experiencing any adverse event (relative risk, 1.05; 95% CI 0.99-1.11). The estimated HR for OS favoured ICI combinations in all planned subgroups according to age ( Combining anti-programmed cell death ligand 1 antibodies with platinum/etoposide is a superior therapeutic approach compared to CT alone for the first-line treatment of patients with ES-SCLC.enAttribution-NonCommercial 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodiesChemotherapyImmunotherapyMeta-analysisSmall cell lung carcinomaLung NeoplasmsImmune Checkpoint InhibitorsPlatinumProgression-Free SurvivalConfidence IntervalsLigandsresearch article35032007open accessApoptosisLigandosSupervivencia sin progresiónNeoplasias pulmonaresAnticuerposInhibidores de puntos de control inmunológico10.1007/s40487-021-00182-02366-1089PMC9098752https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40487-021-00182-0.pdfhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9098752/pdf