Gallego-Durán, RocíoRomero-Gómez, Manuel2016-01-142016-01-142015-10-28Gallego-Durán R, Romero-Gómez M. Epigenetic mechanisms in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: An emerging field. World J Hepatol. 2015 ; 7(24):2497-502http://hdl.handle.net/10668/2128Journal Article;Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an emerging health concern in both developed and non-developed world, encompassing from simple steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), cirrhosis and liver cancer. Incidence and prevalence of this disease are increasing due to the socioeconomic transition and change to harmful diet. Currently, gold standard method in NAFLD diagnosis is liver biopsy, despite complications and lack of accuracy due to sampling error. Further, pathogenesis of NAFLD is not fully understood, but is well-known that obesity, diabetes and metabolic derangements played a major role in disease development and progression. Besides, gut microbioma and host genetic and epigenetic background could explain considerable interindividual variability. Knowledge that epigenetics, heritable events not caused by changes in DNA sequence, contribute to development of diseases has been a revolution in the last few years. Recently, evidences are accumulating revealing the important role of epigenetics in NAFLD pathogenesis and in NASH genesis. Histone modifications, changes in DNA methylation and aberrant profiles or microRNAs could boost development of NAFLD and transition into clinical relevant status. PNPLA3 genotype GG has been associated with a more progressive disease and epigenetics could modulate this effect. The impact of epigenetic on NAFLD progression could deserve further applications on therapeutic targets together with future non-invasive methods useful for the diagnosis and staging of NAFLD.enNon-alcoholic steatohepatitisEpigeneticsDiagnosisTreatmentNon-alcoholic fatty liver diseaseSecuencia de basesDiabetes MellitusHígado grasoCirrosis hepáticaMedical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Chemical Phenomena::Biochemical Phenomena::Molecular Structure::Base SequenceMedical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Nucleic Acids, Nucleotides, and Nucleosides::Nucleic Acids::DNAMedical Subject Headings::Diseases::Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases::Metabolic Diseases::Glucose Metabolism Disorders::Diabetes MellitusMedical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Nutritional Physiological Phenomena::DietMedical Subject Headings::Diseases::Digestive System Diseases::Liver Diseases::Fatty LiverMedical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Genetic Phenomena::GenotypeMedical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Chemical Phenomena::Biochemical Phenomena::Molecular Structure::Amino Acid Sequence::Histone CodeMedical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Data Collection::Vital Statistics::Morbidity::IncidenceMedical Subject Headings::Diseases::Digestive System Diseases::Liver Diseases::Liver CirrhosisMedical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Chemical Phenomena::Biochemical Phenomena::Biochemical Processes::Alkylation::MethylationMedical Subject Headings::Diseases::Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases::Nutrition Disorders::Overnutrition::ObesityMedical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Data Collection::Vital Statistics::Morbidity::PrevalenceMedical Subject Headings::Health Care::Health Care Quality, Access, and Evaluation::Quality of Health Care::Epidemiologic Factors::Bias (Epidemiology)::Selection BiasMedical Subject Headings::Diseases::Neoplasms::Neoplasms by Site::Digestive System Neoplasms::Liver Neoplasmseditorial26523202open access10.4254/wjh.v7.i24.24971948-5182PMC4621463