Amezcua-Prieto, CarmenMartínez-Galiano, Juan MiguelSalcedo-Bellido, InmaculadaOlmedo-Requena, RocíoBueno-Cavanillas, AuroraDelgado-Rodríguez, Miguel2023-01-252023-01-252018-08-17http://hdl.handle.net/10668/12850To investigate the relationship between seafood consumption during pregnancy and the risk of delivering a small for gestational age (SGA) newborn. This case-control study included women with SGA newborns and controls matched 1:1 for maternal age (±2 years) and hospital. Five hospitals in Eastern Andalusia, Spain. 518 pairs of pregnant Spanish women. The SGA group included women who delivered SGA newborns: SGA was defined as a birth weight below the 10th percentile of infants at a given gestational age. Controls were women who delivered newborns with adequate birth weights. We collected data on demographic characteristics, socioeconomic status, toxic habits and diet. Midwives administered a 137-item Food Frequency Questionnaire. We calculated quintiles of seafood intake and applied conditional logistic regression to estimate ORs and 95% CIs. Shellfish intake more than once/week yielded a significant protective effect against an SGA newborn (OR 0.25, 95% CI 0.08 to 0.76, after adjusting for energy, educational level, smoking, prepregnancy body mass index, weight and a history of preterm or low birthweight newborn). The risk of an SGA newborn was lower among women who consumed >121 g/day fish compared with women who consumed ≤56 g (adjusted OR 0.63, 95% CI 0.41 to 0.98; p=0.025 for a trend). Similarly, the risk of an SGA newborn was lower among women who consumed >1 g/day of marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids compared with those who consumed ≤0.4 g/day (adjusted OR 0.58, 95% CI 0.38 to 0.90; p=0.025 for a trend). An average seafood intake of at least 121 g/day during pregnancy, equivalent to 3-4 servings/week, reduced the risk of an SGA newborn, compared with an average seafood intake of less than 56 g/day.enAttribution-NonCommercial 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/epidemiologyneonatologyobstetricspaediatricsperinatologyAdultCase-Control StudiesDietFemaleHumansInfant, NewbornInfant, Small for Gestational AgePregnancySeafoodSpainresearch article30121592open access10.1136/bmjopen-2017-0204242044-6055PMC6104785https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/bmjopen/8/8/e020424.full.pdfhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6104785/pdf