Tagarro, AlfredoDomínguez-Rodríguez, SaraMesa, Juan MiguelEpalza, CristinaGrasa, CarlosIglesias-Bouzas, María IsabelFernández-Cooke, ElisaCalvo, CristinaVillaverde, SerenaTorres-Fernández, DavidMéndez-Echevarria, AnaLeoz, InésFernández-Pascual, MaríaSaavedra-Lozano, JesúsSoto, BeatrizAguilera-Alonso, DavidRivière, Jacques GFumadó, VictoriaMartínez-Campos, LeticiaVivanco, AnaPilar-Orive, Francisco JavierAlcalá, PedroRuiz, BeatrizLópez-Machín, AnaOltra, ManuelMoraleda, CintaEPICO Working Group2023-05-032023-05-032022-10-25http://hdl.handle.net/10668/20197Scarce evidence exists about the best treatment for multi-system inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C). We analyzed the effects of steroids, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), and their combination on the probability of discharge over time, the probability of switching to second-line treatment over time, and the persistence of fever 2 days after treatment. We did a retrospective study to investigate the effect of different treatments on children with MIS-C from 1 March 2020 to 1 June 2021. We estimated the time-to-event probability using a Cox model weighted by propensity score to balance the baseline characteristics. Thirty of 132 (22.7%) patients were initially treated with steroids alone, 29/132 (21.9%) with IVIG alone, and 73/132 (55%) with IVIG plus steroids. The probability of early discharge was higher with IVIG than with IVIG plus steroids (hazard ratio [HR] 1.65, 95% CI 1.11-2.45, p = 0.013), but with a higher probability of needing second-line therapy compared to IVIG plus steroids (HR 3.05, 95% CI 1.12-8.25, p = 0.028). Patients on IVIG had a higher likelihood of persistent fever than patients on steroids (odds ratio [OR] 4.23, 95% CI 1.43-13.5, p = 0.011) or on IVIG plus steroids (OR 4.4, 95% CI 2.05-9.82, p enCOVID-19ChildrenMIS-CSARS-CoV-2HumansChildImmunoglobulins, IntravenousPatient DischargeRetrospective StudiesFeverSteroidsresearch article36282324open access10.1007/s00431-022-04649-81432-1076PMC9595092https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00431-022-04649-8.pdfhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9595092/pdf