Au, SBellato, VCarvas, J MCórdoba, C DDaudu, DDziakova, JEltarhoni, KEl Feituri, NFung, A C HFysaraki, CGallo, GGultekin, F AycaHarbjerg, J LHatem, FIoannidis, AJakobsen, LClinch, DKristensen, H ØKuiper, S ZKwok, A M FKwok, WMillan, MMilto, K MNg, H JPellino, GPicciariello, APronin, Svan Ramshorst, G HRamser, MJiménez-Rodríguez, R MSainz Hernandez, J CSamadov, ESohrabi, SUchiyama, MWang, J H-SYounis, M UFleming, SAlhomoud, SMayol, JMoeslein, GSmart, N JSoreide, KTeh, CVerran, DMaeda, Y2025-01-072025-01-072021https://hdl.handle.net/10668/26692There is a lack of information regarding the provision of parental leave for surgical careers. This survey study aims to evaluate the experience of maternity/paternity leave and views on work-life balance globally. A 55-item online survey in 24 languages was distributed via social media as per CHERRIES guideline from February to March 2020. It explored parental leave entitlements, attitude towards leave taking, financial impact, time spent with children and compatibility of parenthood with surgical career. Of the 1393 (male : female, 514 : 829) respondents from 65 countries, there were 479 medical students, 349 surgical trainees and 513 consultants. Consultants had less than the recommended duration of maternity leave (43.8 versus 29.1 per cent), no paid maternity (8.3 versus 3.2 per cent) or paternity leave (19.3 versus 11.0 per cent) compared with trainees. Females were less likely to have children than males (36.8 versus 45.6 per cent, P = 0.010) and were more often told surgery is incompatible with parenthood (80.2 versus 59.5 per cent, P  Surgeons across the globe had inadequate parental leave. Significant gender disparity was seen in multiple aspects.enAdultAttitude of Health PersonnelCareer ChoiceFemaleHumansInternship and ResidencyMaleParental LeaveSex FactorsStudents, MedicalSurgeonsSurveys and QuestionnairesYoung Adultresearch article34467970open access10.1093/bjs/znab2751365-2168https://academic.oup.com/bjs/article-pdf/108/11/1315/50745130/znab275.pdf