Colls Garrido, ChristianRiquelme Gallego, BlancaSánchez García, Juan CarlosCortés Martín, JonathanMontiel Troya, MaríaRodríguez Blanque, Raquel2022-09-302022-09-302021-11-11Colls Garrido C, Riquelme Gallego B, Sánchez García JC, Cortés Martín J, Montiel Troya M, Rodríguez Blanque R. The Effect of Therapeutic Hypothermia after Cardiac Arrest on the Neurological Outcome and Survival-A Systematic Review of RCTs Published between 2016 and 2020. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Nov 11;18(22):118171661-7827http://hdl.handle.net/10668/4202Therapeutic hypothermia is a treatment used for patients who have suffered cardiores piratory arrest and remain conscious after the recovery of spontaneous circulation. However, its effectiveness is controversial. The objective of this systematic review is to summarize the scientific evidence available about the effect of therapeutic hypothermia on neurological status and survival in this type of patients. Methodology: A primary search in CINAHL, CUIDEN, Pubmed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases was carried out. Randomized clinical trials (RCT) published from 2016 to 2020 were selected. Results: 17 studies were selected for inclusion and most relevant data were extracted. Methodological quality was assessed by the RoB tool. Conclusions: Although therapeutic hypothermia is a safe technique with few adverse and manageable effects, it has not shown to improve survival rate and neurological status of adult nor pediatric patients. It is possible that its positive effect on neuroprotection could be achieved only by preventing hyperthermia although further investigation is needed.enAtribución 4.0 Internacionalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Induced hypothermiaCardiac arrestSurvival rateCritical careHipotermia inducidaParo cardíacoTasa de supervivenciaCuidados críticosNeuroprotecciónRevisión sistemáticaMetaanálisisMedical Subject Headings::Persons::Persons::Age Groups::AdultMedical Subject Headings::Persons::Persons::Age Groups::ChildMedical Subject Headings::Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::HumansMedical Subject Headings::Information Science::Information Science::Data Collection::Vital Statistics::Mortality::Survival RateMedical Subject Headings::Diseases::Cardiovascular Diseases::Heart Diseases::Heart ArrestMedical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Therapeutics::Cryotherapy::Hypothermia, InducedMedical Subject Headings::Health Care::Health Care Facilities, Manpower, and Services::Health Services::Patient Care::Critical CareMedical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Therapeutics::Hyperthermia, Inducedreview article34831572open access10.3390/ijerph1822118171660-4601PMC8618610