Jiménez-Pérez, MiguelGonzález-Grande, RocíoMostazo Torres, JoséGonzález Arjona, CarolinaRando-Muñoz, Francisco Javier2016-05-182016-05-182015-11-14Jiménez-Pérez M, González-Grande R, Mostazo Torres J, González Arjona C, Rando-Muñoz FJ. Management of hepatitis B virus infection after liver transplantation. World J. Gastroenterol. 2015; 21(42):12083-901007-9327http://hdl.handle.net/10668/2195Journal Article; Review;Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is responsible for up to 30% of cases of liver cirrhosis and up to 53% of cases of hepatocellular carcinoma. Liver transplantation (LT) is the best therapeutic option for patients with end-stage liver failure caused by HBV. The success of transplantation, though, depends on receiving prophylactic treatment against post-transplant viral reactivation. In the absence of prophylaxis, liver transplantation due to chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is associated with high rates of viral recurrence and poor survival. The introduction of treatment with hepatitis B immunoglobulins (HBIG) during the 1990s and later the incorporation of oral antiviral drugs have improved the prognosis of these patients. Thus, LT for CHB is now a universally accepted option, with an estimated 5 years survival of around 85% vs the 45% survival seen prior to the introduction of HBIG. The combination of lamivudine plus HBIG has for many years been the most widely used prophylactic regimen. However, with the appearance of new more potent oral antiviral agents associated with less resistance (e.g., entecavir and tenofovir) for the treatment of CHB, new prophylactic strategies are being designed, either in combination with HBIG or alone as a monotherapy. These advances have allowed for more personalized prophylaxis based on the individual risk profile of a given patient. In addition, the small pool of donors has required the use of anti-HBc-positive donors (with the resulting possibility of transmitting HBV from these organs), which has been made possible by suitable prophylactic regimens.enHepatitis B virusLiver transplantationRecurrenceProphylaxisHepatitis B immunoglobulinHumanosInmunoglobulinasCirrosis hepáticaNeoplasias hepáticasTrasplante de hígadoPronósticoTenofovirAntivíricosCarcinoma hepatocelularHepatopatía terminalAnticuerpos de la hepatitisHepatitis B crónicaMedical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Pharmacologic Actions::Therapeutic Uses::Anti-Infective Agents::Antiviral AgentsMedical Subject Headings::Diseases::Digestive System Diseases::Liver Diseases::Liver Neoplasms::Carcinoma, HepatocellularMedical Subject Headings::Diseases::Digestive System Diseases::Liver Diseases::Hepatic Insufficiency::Liver Failure::End Stage Liver DiseaseMedical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins::Proteins::Globulins::Serum Globulins::Immunoglobulins::Antibodies::Antibodies, Viral::Hepatitis Antibodies::Hepatitis B AntibodiesMedical Subject Headings::Diseases::Virus Diseases::Hepatitis, Viral, Human::Hepatitis B::Hepatitis B, ChronicMedical Subject Headings::Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::HumansMedical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins::Proteins::Globulins::Serum Globulins::ImmunoglobulinsMedical Subject Headings::Diseases::Digestive System Diseases::Liver Diseases::Liver CirrhosisMedical Subject Headings::Diseases::Digestive System Diseases::Liver Diseases::Liver NeoplasmsMedical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Surgical Procedures, Operative::Transplantation::Organ Transplantation::Liver TransplantationMedical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Diagnosis::PrognosisManagement of hepatitis B virus infection after liver transplantation.review article26576093open access10.3748/wjg.v21.i42.120832219-2840PMC4641126