Martín-Núñez, Gracia MªCornejo-Pareja, IsabelClemente-Postigo, MercedesTinahones, Francisco J.Moreno-Indias, Isabel2022-03-302022-03-302021-08-12Martín-Núñez GM, Cornejo-Pareja I, Clemente-Postigo M, Tinahones FJ, Moreno-Indias I. Helicobacter pylori Eradication Therapy Affect the Gut Microbiota and Ghrelin Levels. Front Med. 2021 Aug 12;8:712908http://hdl.handle.net/10668/3501Background: Antibiotic therapy used to eradicate Helicobacter pylori has been associated with changes in plasma ghrelin and alterations in the gut microbiota. On the other hand, changes in ghrelin levels have been related to changes in gut microbiota composition. Our aim was to evaluate the relationship between changes in the gut microbiota and ghrelin levels in H. pylori infected patients who received antibiotic treatment for its eradication. Methods: A prospective case-control study that included forty H. pylori-positive patients who received eradication therapy (omeprazole, clarithromycin, and amoxicillin) and twenty healthy H. pylori antigen-negative participants. Patients were evaluated, including clinical, anthropometric and dietary variables, before and 2 months after treatment. Gut microbiota composition was analyzed through 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing (IlluminaMiSeq). Results: Changes in gut microbiota profiles and decrease in ghrelin levels were identified after H. pylori eradication treatment. Gut bacteria such as Bifidobacterium longum, Bacteroides, Prevotella, Parabacteroides distasonis, and RS045 have been linked to ghrelin levels fasting and/or post meals. Changes in the abundance of Lachnospiraceae, its genus Blautia, as well as Prevotella stercorea, and Megasphaera have been inversely associated with changes in ghrelin after eradication treatment. Conclusions: Eradication treatment for H. pylori produces changes in the composition of the intestinal microbiota and ghrelin levels. The imbalance between lactate producers such as Blautia, and lactate consumers such as Megasphaera, Lachnospiraceae, or Prevotella, could trigger changes related to ghrelin levels under the alteration of the eradication therapy used for H. pylori. In addition, acetate producing bacteria such as B. longum, Bacteroides, and P. distasonis could also play an important role in ghrelin regulation.enAtribución 4.0 Internacionalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Helicobacter pyloriGut microbiotaGhrelinEradication treatmentAntibioticMicrobioma gastrointestinalGhrelinaAntibacterianosMedical Subject Headings::Organisms::Bacteria::Gram-Negative Bacteria::Helicobacter::Helicobacter pyloriMedical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Organic Chemicals::Lactones::Macrolides::Erythromycin::ClarithromycinMedical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists::Hormones::Peptide Hormones::GhrelinMedical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Epidemiologic Study Characteristics as Topic::Epidemiologic Studies::Case-Control StudiesMedical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Pharmacologic Actions::Therapeutic Uses::Anti-Infective Agents::Anti-Bacterial AgentsMedical Subject Headings::Organisms::Bacteria::Gram-Negative Bacteria::Gram-Negative Anaerobic Bacteria::Gram-Negative Anaerobic Straight, Curved, and Helical Rods::Bacteroidaceae::BacteroidesMedical Subject Headings::Organisms::Bacteria::Gram-Negative Bacteria::Gram-Negative Anaerobic Bacteria::Gram-Negative Anaerobic Cocci::Megasphaeraresearch article34458288open access10.3389/fmed.2021.7129082296-858XPMC8387937