Pérez-Moreno, AntonioReyes-Peces, María VirtudesVilches-Pérez, José IgnacioFernández-Montesinos, RafaelPinaglia-Tobaruela, GonzaloSalido, Mercedesde la Rosa-Fox, NicolásPiñero, Manuel2022-12-162022-12-162021-08-02Pérez-Moreno A, Reyes-Peces MV, Vilches-Pérez JI, Fernández-Montesinos R, Pinaglia-Tobaruela G, Salido M, et al. Effect of Washing Treatment on the Textural Properties and Bioactivity of Silica/Chitosan/TCP Xerogels for Bone Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Aug 2;22(15):8321http://hdl.handle.net/10668/4523Silica/biopolymer hydrogel-based materials constitute very attractive platforms for various emerging biomedical applications, particularly for bone repair. The incorporation of calcium phosphates in the hybrid network allows for designing implants with interesting biological properties. Here, we introduce a synthesis procedure for obtaining silica-chitosan (CS)-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) xerogels, with CS nominal content varying from 4 to 40 wt.% and 10 to 20 wt.% TCP. Samples were obtained using the sol-gel process assisted with ultrasound probe, and the influence of ethanol or water as washing solvents on surface area, micro- and mesopore volume, and average pore size were examined in order to optimize their textural properties. Three washing solutions with different soaking conditions were tested: 1 or 7 days in absolute ethanol and 30 days in distilled water, resulting in E1, E7, and W30 washing series, respectively. Soaked samples were eventually dried by evaporative drying at air ambient pressure, and the formation of interpenetrated hybrid structures was suggested by Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. In addition the impact that both washing solvent and TCP content have on the biodegradation, in vitro bioactivity and osteoconduction of xerogels were explored. It was found that calcium and phosphate-containing ethanol-washed xerogels presented in vitro release of calcium (2-12 mg/L) and silicon ions (~60-75 mg/L) after one week of soaking in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), as revealed by inductive coupled plasma (ICP) spectroscopy analysis. However, only the release of silicon was detected for water-washed samples. Besides, all the samples exhibited in vitro bioactivity in simulated body fluid (SBF), as well as enhanced in vitro cell growth and also significant focal adhesion development and maturation.enAtribución 4.0 Internacionalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Hybrid xerogelsChitosanTricalcium phosphateN2 physisorptionT-plotBioactivityBiodegradationBone tissue engineeringOsteoblastsFocal adhesionsQuitosanoFosfatos de calcioConductas terapéuticasBiodegradación ambientalIngeniería de tejidosHuesosOsteoblastosAdhesiones focalesMedical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Biomedical and Dental Materials::Biocompatible MaterialsMedical Subject Headings::Anatomy::Fluids and Secretions::Body FluidsMedical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Inorganic Chemicals::Calcium Compounds::Calcium PhosphatesMedical Subject Headings::Anatomy::Cells::Cells, CulturedMedical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Macromolecular Substances::Polymers::Biopolymers::Chitin::ChitosanMedical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Complex Mixtures::Colloids::GelsMedical Subject Headings::Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::HumansMedical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Materials TestingMedical Subject Headings::Anatomy::Cells::Connective Tissue Cells::OsteoblastsMedical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Inorganic Chemicals::Minerals::Silicon DioxideMedical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Specialty Uses of Chemicals::SolventsMedical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena::Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena::Musculoskeletal Physiological Processes::Bone Remodeling::Bone RegenerationMedical Subject Headings::Technology and Food and Beverages::Technology, Industry, and Agriculture::Manufactured Materials::Biomedical and Dental Materials::PolymersEffect of Washing Treatment on the Textural Properties and Bioactivity of Silica/Chitosan/TCP Xerogels for Bone Regenerationresearch article34361087Acceso abierto10.3390/ijms221583211422-0067PMC8347756