Fernández Castillo, RafaelFernández Gallegos, RuthPeña Amaro, María PilarEsteban de la Rosa, Rafael José2016-05-042016-05-042015-06-01Fernández Castillo R, Fernández Gallegos R, Peña Amaro MP, Esteban de la Rosa RJ. Valoración del perfil lipídico y de la densidad mineral ósea en pacientes trasplantados renales. Nutr Hosp. 2015; 31(6):2503-100212-1611http://hdl.handle.net/10668/2179Introducción: las alteraciones del metabolismo lipídico y del metabolismo mineral óseo son trastornos frecuentes entre los pacientes trasplantados renales, lo que contribuye a la aparación de enfermedades matabólicas y cardiovasculares que ponen en peligro la integridad del injerto. Objetivo: describir y observar la evolución de las alteraciones de la densidad mineral ósea (DMO) y las alteraciones lipídicas en una población de pacientes trasplantados renales. Material y método: en este trabajo se ha seguido a 119 pacientes de ambos sexos trasplantados renales, a los cuales se les realizaron mediciones pretrasplante y postrasplante durante cinco años de parámetros bioquímicos, mediciones antropométricas y de la densidad mineral ósea en columna lumbar, fémur y radio-cubital. Resultados: durante los cinco años tras el trasplante se produce un importante aumento de parámetros bioquímicos, IMC, dislipemia, diabetes e hipertensión arterial. A los seis meses existe un alto porcentaje de pacientes con DMO patológica, aumentando un 4,1% al año del trasplante. Conclusiones: tras el trasplante se produce un gran incremento de la hiperlipidemia que se asocia con un patrón característico de alteración de lípidos con elevación del colesterol total, lipoproteínas de baja densidad, lipoproteínas de alta densidad, así como el consiguiente aumento de los triglicéridos, a pesar del tratamiento con estatinas, lo que conlleva un aumento en los factores de riego de padecer diabetes, hipertension arterial y enfermedades cardiovasculares; además se produce una pérdida de masa ósea, lo que conlleva un alto riesgo de sufrir fracturas graves, poniendo en peligro el injerto renal y la calidad de vida del pacienteINTRODUCTION: Alterations in lipid metabolism and bone mineral metabolism disturbances are common disorders among renal transplant patients, contributing to the apparition of oxidative metabolic and cardiovascular diseases that threaten the integrity of the graft. AIMS: Describe and observe the evolution of alterations in bone mineral density (BMD) and lipid abnormalities in a population of kidney transplant patients. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The samples consisted of 119 kidney transplant patients of both sexes, measurements were performed pretransplant and posttransplant for five years of biochemical parameters, anthropometric measurements and measurement of bone mineral density at the lumbar spine, femur and radioulnar. RESULTS: During the five years after transplantation a significant increase in biochemical parameters, BMI, dyslipidemia, diabetes and hypertension occurs. At six months there is a high percentage of patients with pathologic BMD increase by 4.1% per year of transplantation. CONCLUSIONS: After kidney transplantation, a large increase of hyperlipidemia associated with a characteristic pattern of altered lipid with elevated total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, high density lipoprotein, and the resulting increase in triglycerides, occurs despite statin therapy, leading to an increase in risk factors for diabetes, hypertension, diseases and cardiovascualres further loss of bone mass which carries a high risk of serious fractures occurs, threatening kidney graft and quality of life of patients.spaRenal transplantationLipid disordersHyperlipidemia.HypertriglyceridemiaAnthropometryBone Mineral Density.Trasplante renalAlteraciones lipídicasHiperlipidemiaHipiertrigliceridemiaAntropometríaDensidad mineral óseaMedical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Diagnosis::Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures::Physical Examination::Body Constitution::Body Weights and Measures::Body Mass IndexMedical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena::Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena::Bone DensityMedical Subject Headings::Anatomy::Musculoskeletal System::Skeleton::Bone and BonesMedical Subject Headings::Diseases::Cardiovascular DiseasesMedical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Lipids::Sterols::CholesterolMedical Subject Headings::Diseases::Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases::Metabolic Diseases::Glucose Metabolism Disorders::Diabetes MellitusMedical Subject Headings::Check Tags::FemaleMedical Subject Headings::Anatomy::Musculoskeletal System::Skeleton::Bone and Bones::Bones of Lower Extremity::Leg Bones::FemurMedical Subject Headings::Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::HumansMedical Subject Headings::Diseases::Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases::Metabolic Diseases::Lipid Metabolism Disorders::Dyslipidemias::Hyperlipidemias::HypercholesterolemiaMedical Subject Headings::Diseases::Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases::Metabolic Diseases::Lipid Metabolism Disorders::Dyslipidemias::HyperlipidemiasMedical Subject Headings::Diseases::Cardiovascular Diseases::Vascular Diseases::HypertensionMedical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Surgical Procedures, Operative::Transplantation::Organ Transplantation::Kidney TransplantationMedical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Metabolic Phenomena::Metabolism::Lipid MetabolismMedical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Lipids::Lipoproteins::Lipoproteins, HDLMedical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Lipids::Lipoproteins::Lipoproteins, LDLMedical Subject Headings::Check Tags::MaleMedical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Inorganic Chemicals::MineralsMedical Subject Headings::Disciplines and Occupations::Social Sciences::Quality of LifeMedical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Statistics as Topic::Probability::Risk::Risk FactorsMedical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Lipids::Glycerides::Triglyceridesresearch article26040358open access10.3305/nh.2015.31.6.87191699-5198