Hernández Schulman, IvonneAranda, PedroRaij, LeopoldoVeronesi, MaddalenaAranda, Francisco J.Martín, Remedios2012-10-042012-10-042006-06Hernández Schulman I, Aranda P, Raij L, Veronesi M, Aranda FJ, Martin R. Surgical menopause increases salt sensitivity of blood pressure. Hypertension. 2006 Jun; 2006;47(6):1168-740194-911Xhttp://hdl.handle.net/10668/544Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.;Salt sensitivity of blood pressure is associated with an elevated risk of developing hypertension (HTN) and is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The prevalence of HTN increases after menopause. The aim of this study was to investigate prospectively whether the loss of ovarian hormones increases the occurrence of salt sensitivity among healthy premenopausal women. We enrolled 40 normotensive, nondiabetic women (age 47.2+/-3.5), undergoing hysterectomy-oophorectomy for nonneoplastic processes and not on hormone replacement, to determine the effect of changes in sodium intake on blood pressure the day before and subsequently 4 months after surgical menopause. Salt loading was achieved using a 2-L normal saline infusion and salt depletion produced by 40 mg of intravenous furosemide. A decrease >10 mm Hg in systolic blood pressure between salt loading and salt depletion was used to define salt sensitivity. Before and after menopause, salt-sensitive women exhibited higher waist/hip and waist/thigh ratios (P<0.01). Although all of the women remained normotensive, the prevalence of salt sensitivity was significantly higher after surgical menopause (21 women; 52.5%) than before (9 women; 22.5%; P=0.01), because 12 (38.7%) salt-resistant women developed salt sensitivity after menopause. In summary, we demonstrated that the prevalence of salt sensitivity doubled as early as 4 months after surgical menopause, without an associated increase in blood pressure. Epidemiological studies indicate that development of HTN may not occur until 5 to 10 years after menopause. The loss of ovarian hormones may unmask a population of women prone to salt sensitivity who, with aging, would be at higher risk for the subsequent development of HTN and cardiovascular disease.enRisk factorsHormonesGenderCardiovascular diseasesFactores de RiesgoHormonasGéneroEnfermedades CardiovascularesMedical Subject Headings::Check Tags::FemaleMedical Subject Headings::Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::HumansMedical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Surgical Procedures, Operative::Urogenital Surgical Procedures::Gynecologic Surgical Procedures::HysterectomyMedical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Reproductive and Urinary Physiological Phenomena::Reproductive Physiological Phenomena::Climacteric::MenopauseMedical Subject Headings::Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Adult::Middle AgedMedical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Surgical Procedures, Operative::Urogenital Surgical Procedures::Gynecologic Surgical Procedures::OvariectomyMedical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Surgical Procedures, Operative::Perioperative Period::Postoperative PeriodMedical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Epidemiologic Study Characteristics as Topic::Epidemiologic Studies::Cohort Studies::Longitudinal Studies::Prospective StudiesMedical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Inorganic Chemicals::Sodium Compounds::Sodium ChlorideMedical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Physical Phenomena::Time::Time FactorsMedical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Circulatory and Respiratory Physiological Phenomena::Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena::Hemodynamics::Blood Pressureresearch article16618835open access10.1161/01.HYP.0000218857.67880.751524-4563