Total and Subtypes of Dietary Fat Intake and Its Association with Components of the Metabolic Syndrome in a Mediterranean Population at High Cardiovascular Risk.

Julibert, AliciaBibiloni, Maria Del MarBouzas, CristinaMartinez-Gonzalez, Miguel AngelSalas-Salvado, JordiCorella, DoloresZomeño, Maria DolorsRomaguera, DoraVioque, JesusAlonso-Gomez, Angel MWärnberg, JuliaMartinez, J AlfredoSerra-Majem, LuisEstruch, RamonTinahones, Francisco JLapetra, JosePinto, XavierLopez-Miranda, JoseGarcia-Molina, LauraGaforio, Jose JuanMatia-Martin, PilarDaimiel, LidiaMartin-Sanchez, VicenteVidal, JosepVazquez, ClotildeRos, EmiliToledo, EstefaníaBecerra-Tomas, NereaPortoles, OlgaPerez-Vega, Karla AFiol, MiquelTorres-Collado, LauraTojal-Sierra, LucasCarabaño-Moral, RosaAbete, ItziarSanchez-Villegas, AlmudenaCasas, RosaBernal-Lopez, Maria RosaSantos-Lozano, Jose ManuelGalera, AnaUgarriza, LuciaRuiz-Canela, MiguelBabio, NancyColtell, OscarSchröder, HelmutKonieczna, JadwigaOrozco-Beltran, DomingoSorto-Sanchez, CarolinaEguaras, SoniaBarrubes, LauraFito, MontserratTur, Josep A2023-01-252023-01-252019-06-27Julibert A, Bibiloni MDM, Bouzas C, Martínez-González MÁ, Salas-Salvadó J, Corella D, et al. Total and Subtypes of Dietary Fat Intake and Its Association with Components of the Metabolic Syndrome in a Mediterranean Population at High Cardiovascular Risk. Nutrients. 2019 Jun 29;11(7):1493http://hdl.handle.net/10668/14204Background: The effect of dietary fat intake on the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and in turn on cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains unclear in individuals at high CVD risk. Objective: To assess the association between fat intake and MetS components in an adult Mediterranean population at high CVD risk. Design: Baseline assessment of nutritional adequacy in participants (n = 6560, men and women, 55-75 years old, with overweight/obesity and MetS) in the PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED)-Plus randomized trial. Methods: Assessment of fat intake (total fat, monounsatured fatty acids: MUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acids: PUFA, saturated fatty acids: SFA, trans-fatty acids: trans-FA, linoleic acid, α-linolenic acid, and ω-3 FA) using a validated food frequency questionnaire, and diet quality using 17-item Mediterranean dietary questionnaire and fat quality index (FQI). Results: Participants in the highest quintile of total dietary fat intake showed lower intake of energy, carbohydrates, protein and fiber, but higher intake of PUFA, MUFA, SFA, TFA, LA, ALA and ω-3 FA. Differences in MetS components were found according to fat intake. Odds (5th vs. 1st quintile): hyperglycemia: 1.3-1.6 times higher for total fat, MUFA, SFA and ω-3 FA intake; low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c): 1.2 higher for LA; hypertriglyceridemia: 0.7 lower for SFA and ω-3 FA intake. Conclusions: Dietary fats played different role on MetS components of high CVD risk patients. Dietary fat intake was associated with higher risk of hyperglycemia.enAttribution 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Mediterranean dietCardiovascular disease riskDietary fatFat intakeFatty acidsAgedBiomarkersBlood glucoseCardiovascular diseasesCross-sectional studiesDiet, nediterraneanDietary fatsDyslipidemiasFemaleHumansHyperglycemiaLipidsMaleMetabolic syndromeMiddle agedRisk assessmentRisk factorsSpainTreatment outcomeTotal and Subtypes of Dietary Fat Intake and Its Association with Components of the Metabolic Syndrome in a Mediterranean Population at High Cardiovascular Risk.research article31261967open accessBiomarcadoresDietaDislipidemiasEnfermedades cardiovascularesGlucemiaGrasas de la dietaHiperglucemia10.3390/nu110714932072-6643PMC6682917https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/11/7/1493/pdf?version=1566300785https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6682917/pdf