Biochemical Validation of a Self-Administered Food Frequency Questionnaire to Assess Diet Using Carotenoids and Vitamins E and D in Male Adolescents in Spain.

Notario-Barandiaran, LeyreNavarrete-Muñoz, Eva-MaríaValera-Gran, DesiréeHernández-Álvarez, ElenaDonoso-Navarro, EncarnaciónGonzález-Palacios, SandraGarcía-de-la-Hera, ManuelaFernández, Mariana FFreire, CarmenVioque, Jesús2025-01-072025-01-072021-05-082076-3921https://hdl.handle.net/10668/28078Reliable tools to evaluate diet are needed, particularly in life periods such as adolescence in which a rapid rate of growth and development occurs. We assessed the biochemical validity of a self-administered food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) in a sample of Spanish male adolescents using carotenoids and vitamin E and D data. We analyzed data from 122 male adolescents aged 15-17 years of the INMA-Granada birth cohort study. Adolescents answered a 104-item FFQ and provided a non-fasting blood sample. Mean daily nutrient intakes and serum concentration were estimated for main carotenoids (lutein-zeaxanthin, β-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, α-carotene and β-carotene), vitamins E and D and also for fruit and vegetable intake. Pearson correlation coefficients (r) and the percentage of agreement (same or adjacent quintiles) between serum vitamin concentrations and energy-adjusted intakes were estimated. Statistically significant correlation coefficients were observed for the total carotenoids (r = 0.40) and specific carotenoids, with the highest correlation observed for lutein-zeaxanthin (r = 0.42) and the lowest for β-carotene (0.23). The correlation coefficient between fruit and vegetable intake and serum carotenoids was 0.29 (higher for vegetable intake, r = 0.33 than for fruit intake, r = 0.19). Low correlations were observed for vitamin E and D. The average percentage of agreement for carotenoids was 55.8%, and lower for vitamin E and D (50% and 41%, respectively). The FFQ may be an acceptable tool for dietary assessment among male adolescents in Spain.enAttribution 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/adolescencebiochemical validitycarotenoid intakefood frequency questionnairefruit and vegetable intakenutritional biomarkervitamin Dvitamin EBiochemical Validation of a Self-Administered Food Frequency Questionnaire to Assess Diet Using Carotenoids and Vitamins E and D in Male Adolescents in Spain.research article34066826open access10.3390/antiox10050750PMC8151424https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/10/5/750/pdf?version=1620469288https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8151424/pdf