Medrano, Luz MGutiérrez-Rivas, MónicaBlanco, JuliàGarcía, MarcialJiménez-Sousa, María APacheco, Yolanda MMontero, MartaIribarren, José AntonioBernal, EnriqueMartínez, Onofre JuanBenito, José MRallón, NormaResino, SalvadorCoRIS and the HIV Biobank integrated in the Spanish AIDS Research Network Project RIS/EPICLIN 10_20152023-01-252023-01-252018-12-06http://hdl.handle.net/10668/13287The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) seems to influence in a large number of diseases, including HIV infection. Moreover, there is a substantial inter-individual variability in the CD4+ recovery in HIV-infected patients on combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). Our study aimed to analyze the association between mtDNA haplogroups and CD4+ recovery in HIV-infected patients on cART. This is a retrospective study of 324 naïve cART patients with CD4+ Our study included European HIV-infected patients within the N macro-cluster. The baseline values of CD4+ T-cells were similar between groups of patients stratified by the P50th of the slope of CD4+ T-cells recovery. Patients in the low CD4+ T-cells recovery group were older (p = 0.001), but this variable was included in the multivariate models. When we analyzed the frequencies of mtDNA haplogroups, no significant differences between HIV-infected individuals and healthy controls were found. We did not find any significant association between mtDNA haplogroups and the slope of CD4+ T-cells recovery by linear regression analysis. However, Patients carrying haplogroup H had a higher odds of having a better CD4+ recovery (> 9.65 CD4+ cells/mm3/month) than patients without haplogroup H (p = 0.032). The adjusted logistic regression showed that patients carrying haplogroup H had a higher likelihood of achieving a CD4+ recovery > 9.65 CD4+ cells/mm3/month [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.75 (95% CI = 1.04; 2.95); p = 0.035]. European mitochondrial haplogroup H was associated with the improved CD4+ recovery in HIV-infected patients starting cART with CD4+enAttribution 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/HIVHaplogroupsImmune reconstitutionMitochondriacARTmtDNAAdultAntiretroviral Therapy, Highly ActiveCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesCase-Control StudiesDNA, MitochondrialFemaleHIV InfectionsHaplotypesHumansMaleMitochondriaresearch article30522500open access10.1186/s12967-018-1717-y1479-5876PMC6282399https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-018-1717-yhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6282399/pdf