Schneider-Futschik, Elena K.Reyes-Ortega, Felisa2022-12-142022-12-142021-07-27Schneider-Futschik EK, Reyes-Ortega F. Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Magnetic Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Complicated Ocular Disorders. Pharmaceutics. 2021 Jul 27;13(8):1157http://hdl.handle.net/10668/4503Nanomaterials provide enormous opportunities to overcome the limitations of conventional ocular delivery systems, such as low therapeutic efficacy, side effects due to the systemic exposure, or invasive surgery. Apart from the more common ocular disorders, there are some genetic diseases, such as cystic fibrosis, that develop ocular disorders as secondary effects as long as the disease progresses. These patients are more difficult to be pharmacologically treated using conventional drug routes (topically, systemic), since specific pharmacological formulations can be incompatible, display increased toxicity, or their therapeutic efficacy decreases with the administration of different kind of chemical molecules. Magnetic nanoparticles can be used as potent drug carriers and magnetic hyperthermia agents due to their response to an external magnetic field. Drugs can be concentrated in the target point, limiting the damage to other tissues. The other advantage of these magnetic nanoparticles is that they can act as magnetic resonance imaging agents, allowing the detection of the exact location of the disease. However, there are some drawbacks related to their use in drug delivery, such as the limitation to maintain efficacy in the target organ once the magnetic field is removed from outside. Another disadvantage is the difficulty in maintaining the therapeutic action in three dimensions inside the human body. This review summarizes all the application possibilities related to magnetic nanoparticles in ocular diseases.enAtribución 4.0 Internacionalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Ocular disordersOcular cancerCystic fibrosisMagnetic nanoparticlesTherapeutic agentsMagnetic diagnosis agentsOftalmopatíasNeoplasias del ojoFibrosis quísticaNanopartículas magnéticas de óxido de hierroUsos terapéuticosMagnetoterapiaDiagnósticoMedical Subject Headings::Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::HumansMedical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Inorganic Chemicals::Iron Compounds::Ferric Compounds::Ferrosoferric Oxide::Magnetite NanoparticlesMedical Subject Headings::Diseases::Digestive System Diseases::Pancreatic Diseases::Cystic FibrosisMedical Subject Headings::Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena::Social Sciences::Anthropology::Anthropology, Cultural::Culture::Human BodyMedical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Pharmaceutical Preparations::Dosage Forms::Drug CarriersMedical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Therapeutics::Hyperthermia, InducedMedical Subject Headings::Diseases::Eye DiseasesMedical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Physical Phenomena::Magnetic Phenomena::Magnetic FieldsMedical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Diagnosis::Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures::Diagnostic Imaging::Magnetic Resonance Imagingreview article34452117open access10.3390/pharmaceutics130811571999-4923PMC8400382