Sabri, FaridehPrados, AlejandroMuñoz-Fernández, RaquelLantto, RebeckaFernandez-Rubio, PabloNasi, AikateriniAmu, SylvieAlbert, JanGarcia Olivares, EnriqueChiodi, Francesca2016-11-112016-11-112016-09-05Sabri F, Prados A, Muñoz-Fernández R, Lantto R, Fernandez-Rubio P, Nasi A, et al. Impaired B cells survival upon production of inflammatory cytokines by HIV-1 exposed follicular dendritic cells. Retrovirology. 2016; 13(1):61http://hdl.handle.net/10668/2517Journal Article;BACKGROUND Follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) are important components in the organization of germinal centers in lymphoid tissue where, following antigen presentation, B cells differentiate into memory B cells. The possibility of establishing primary cell lines from FDCs isolated from lymphoid tissue paved the way for characterization of FDC biological properties. We exposed primary FDC cell lines to HIV-1 strains in vitro and studied changes in the chemo-attractive properties of FDCs and release of inflammatory cytokines. RESULTS FDC lines expressed several known and putative HIV-1 receptors; viral genome was amplified in HIV-1 exposed FDCs which released low levels of p24 HIV-1 protein in culture supernatants, but were not definitely proven to be productively infected. Exposure of FDCs to HIV-1 strains did not change the expression of markers used to characterize these cells. HIV-1 exposed FDCs, however, changed the expression of chemo-attractants involved in cell recruitment at inflammatory sites and increased the production of several inflammatory cytokines. The inflammatory milieu created upon HIV-1 exposure of FDCs led to impaired B cell survival in vitro and reduced Ig production. CONCLUSIONS FDC lines exposed to different HIV-1 strains, although not able to support productive HIV-1 replication, show an increased production of inflammatory cytokines. Our in vitro model of interactions between HIV-1 exposed FDC lines and B cells suggest that exposure of FDCs to HIV-1 in vivo can contribute to inflammation within germinal centers and that this pathological event may impair B cell survival and contribute to impaired B cell responses during HIV-1 infection.enFollicular dendritic cellsHIV-1ChemokinesInflammationB cellsPresentación de antígenoLinfocitos BLínea celularSupervivencia celularCitocinasCélulas dendríticas folicularesGenoma viralCentro germinalVIH-1Tejido linfoideReceptores del VIHMedical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Immune System Phenomena::Immune System Processes::Antigen PresentationMedical Subject Headings::Anatomy::Cells::Blood Cells::Leukocytes::Leukocytes, Mononuclear::Lymphocytes::B-LymphocytesMedical Subject Headings::Anatomy::Cells::Cells, Cultured::Cell LineMedical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Cell Physiological Phenomena::Cell Physiological Processes::Cell SurvivalMedical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins::Peptides::Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins::CytokinesMedical Subject Headings::Anatomy::Cells::Antigen-Presenting Cells::Dendritic Cells, FollicularMedical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Genetic Phenomena::Genetic Structures::Genome::Genome, ViralMedical Subject Headings::Anatomy::Hemic and Immune Systems::Immune System::Lymphatic System::Lymphoid Tissue::Germinal CenterMedical Subject Headings::Anatomy::Tissues::Lymphoid TissueMedical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins::Proteins::Membrane Proteins::Receptors, Cell Surface::Receptors, Virus::Receptors, HIVMedical Subject Headings::Organisms::Viruses::Vertebrate Viruses::RNA Viruses::Retroviridae::Lentivirus::Lentiviruses, Primate::HIV::HIV-1research article27596745open access10.1186/s12977-016-0295-41742-4690PMC5011926