Gregorio-Hernández, RebecaPérez-Pérez, AlbaAlonso-Ojembarrena, AlmudenaArriaga-Redondo, MaríaRamos-Navarro, CristinaSánchez-Luna, Manuel2023-05-032023-05-032021-11-29http://hdl.handle.net/10668/20097Neonatal pneumothorax (NP) is a potentially life-threatening condition. Lung ultrasound (LUS) has shown higher sensitivity and specificity in diagnosis compared to x-rays, but evidence regarding its usefulness in complex NP is lacking. We report four neonates suffering from cardiac or esophageal malformations who developed lateral and/or posterior pneumothoraces, in which LUS helped, making NP diagnosis and management easier and faster. LUS is an easy-to-use, fast, simple, and accurate tool when evaluating newborns with NP, also in atypical positions such as in surgical patients. • Lung ultrasound (LUS) has higher sensitivity and specificity than x-rays in the diagnosis of pneumothorax in neonatal patients. • This is the first report about neonatal pneumothorax in non-conventional areas (lateral/posterior) diagnosed by lung ultrasound and how obtaining this information is critical in order to optimize management.enAttribution 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Case reportLung ultrasoundNeonatesPneumothoraxUltrasound-guided procedureHumansInfant, NewbornLungPneumothoraxRadiographySensitivity and SpecificityUltrasonographyresearch article34845527open access10.1007/s00431-021-04329-z1432-1076https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-949219/latest.pdf