Marques, VandaAfonso, Marta BBierig, NinaDuarte-Ramos, FilipaSantos-Laso, ÁlvaroJimenez-Agüero, RaulEizaguirre, EmmaBujanda, LuisPareja, Maria JLuís, RitaCosta, AdíliaMachado, Mariana VAlonso, CristinaArretxe, EnaraAlustiza, José MKrawczyk, MarcinLammert, FrankTiniakos, Dina GFlehmig, BertramCortez-Pinto, HelenaBanales, Jesus MCastro, Rui ENormann, AndreaRodrigues, Cecília M P2023-02-092023-02-092021-06-232296-858Xhttp://hdl.handle.net/10668/18189Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease where liver biopsy remains the gold standard for diagnosis. Here we aimed to evaluate the role of circulating adiponectin, leptin, and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels as non-invasive NAFLD biomarkers and assess their correlation with the metabolome. Materials and Methods: Leptin, adiponectin, and IGF-1 serum levels were measured by ELISA in two independent cohorts of biopsy-proven obese NAFLD patients and healthy-liver controls (discovery: 38 NAFLD, 13 controls; validation: 194 NAFLD, 31 controls) and correlated with clinical data, histology, genetic parameters, and serum metabolomics. Results: In both cohorts, leptin increased in NAFLD vs. controls (discovery: AUROC 0.88; validation: AUROC 0.83; penAttribution 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/IGF-1NAFLDadiponectincirculating biomarkersfibrosisleptinlipid metabolismresearch article34249975open access10.3389/fmed.2021.683250PMC8260936https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2021.683250/pdfhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8260936/pdf