Muñoz-Garach, AraceliGarcía-Fontana, BeatrizMuñoz-Torres, Manuel2022-07-052022-07-052020-07-03Muñoz-Garach A, García-Fontana B, Muñoz-Torres M. Nutrients and Dietary Patterns Related to Osteoporosis. Nutrients. 2020 Jul 3;12(7):1986http://hdl.handle.net/10668/3739Osteoporosis is a common chronic disease characterized by a decrease in bone mineral density, impaired bone strength, and an increased risk of fragility fractures. Fragility fractures are associated with significant morbidity, mortality and disability and are a major public health problem worldwide. The influence of nutritional factors on the development and progression of this disease can be significant and is not yet well established. Calcium intake and vitamin D status are considered to be essential for bone metabolism homeostasis. However, some recent studies have questioned the usefulness of calcium and vitamin D supplements in decreasing the risk of fractures. The adequate intake of protein, vegetables and other nutrients is also of interest, and recommendations have been established by expert consensus and clinical practice guidelines. It is important to understand the influence of nutrients not only in isolation but also in the context of a dietary pattern, which is a complex mixture of nutrients. In this review, we evaluate the available scientific evidence for the effects of the main dietary patterns on bone health. Although some dietary patterns seem to have beneficial effects, more studies are needed to fully elucidate the true influence of diet on bone fragility.enAtribución 4.0 Internacionalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/OsteoporosisCalcium intakeVitamin DDairy productsProteinDietary patternsFracturas osteoporóticasCalcio en la dietaVitamina DProductos lácteosProteínasDieta occidentalMedical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena::Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena::Bone DensityMedical Subject Headings::Anatomy::Musculoskeletal System::Skeleton::Bone and BonesMedical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Inorganic Chemicals::Calcium Compounds::Calcium, DietaryMedical Subject Headings::Diseases::Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms::Pathologic Processes::Disease Attributes::Chronic DiseaseMedical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Nutritional Physiological Phenomena::DietMedical Subject Headings::Technology and Food and Beverages::Food and Beverages::Food::Dietary SupplementsMedical Subject Headings::Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::HumansMedical Subject Headings::Health Care::Population Characteristics::Demography::Health Status::Nutritional StatusMedical Subject Headings::Diseases::Musculoskeletal Diseases::Bone Diseases::Bone Diseases, Metabolic::OsteoporosisMedical Subject Headings::Diseases::Wounds and Injuries::Fractures, Bone::Osteoporotic FracturesMedical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Polycyclic Compounds::Steroids::Secosteroids::Vitamin DMedical Subject Headings::Technology and Food and Beverages::Food and Beverages::Food::Dairy ProductsMedical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins::Proteinsreview article32635394open access10.3390/nu120719862072-6643PMC7400143