Herrera-Quintana, LourdesGamarra-Morales, YeniferVázquez-Lorente, HéctorMolina-López, JorgeCastaño-Pérez, JoséMachado-Casas, Juan FranciscoCoca-Zúñiga, RamónPérez-Villares, José MiguelPlanells, Elena2023-02-092023-02-092021-06-09http://hdl.handle.net/10668/18115Vitamin D inadequacy may be involved in the mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 infection and in potential risk factors for disease propagation or control of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study assessed a short-term evolution of vitamin D status and its influence upon different clinical parameters in critically ill patients with COVID-19. A prospective analytical study in which 37 critically ill volunteers between 41 and 71 years of age with COVID-19 were evaluated at baseline and three days of intensive care unit (ICU) stay. 25-OH-D3 and 25-OH-D2 were analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and total 25-OH-D levels were calculated as the sum of both. All patients presented low 25-OH-D levels at baseline, decreasing total 25-OH-D (p = 0.011) mainly through 25-OH-D2 (p = 0.006) levels during ICU stay. 25-OH-D2 levels decreased a mean of 41.6% ± 89.6% versus 7.0% ± 23.4% for the 25-OH-D3 form during the ICU stay. Patients who did not need invasive mechanical ventilation presented higher levels of 25-OH-D2 at baseline and follow-up. Lower 25-OH-D and 25-OH-D3 levels were associated with higher D-dimer at baseline (p = 0.003; p = 0.001) and at follow up (p = 0.029), higher procalcitonin levels (p = 0.002; p = 0.018) at follow up, and lower percentage lymphocyte counts (p = 0.044; p = 0.040) during ICU stay. Deficient vitamin D status in critical patients was established at the admission and further worsened after three days of stay. Lower vitamin D levels were related to key altered clinical and biochemical parameters on patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Given the different response of the 25-OH-D3 and 25-OH-D2 forms, it would be useful to monitor them on the evolution of the critically ill patient.enAttribution 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/SARS-CoV-2Vitamin Dcoronavirus disease 2019critical careintensive care patientAgedCOVID-19Chromatography, LiquidCritical IllnessDisease ProgressionFemaleFibrin Fibrinogen Degradation ProductsHospitalizationHumansIntensive Care UnitsMaleMass SpectrometryMiddle AgedProcalcitoninPrognosisProspective StudiesSARS-CoV-2Severity of Illness IndexVitamin DVitamin D Deficiencyresearch article34207873open access10.3390/nu130619882072-6643PMC8229686https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/6/1988/pdf?version=1623761372https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8229686/pdf