Toribio, María JoséPriego-Capote, FelicianoPérez-Gómez, BeatrizFernández de Larrea-Baz, NereaRuiz-Moreno, EmmaCastelló, AdelaLucas, PilarSierra, María ÁngelesPino, Marina NievesMartínez-Cortés, MercedesLuque de Castro, María DoloresLope, VirginiaPollán, Marina2025-01-072025-01-072021-10-23https://hdl.handle.net/10668/25638The most representative indicator of vitamin D status in clinical practice is 25(OH)D3, but new biomarkers could improve the assessment of vitamin D status and metabolism. The objective of this study is to investigate the association of serum vitamin D metabolites and vitamin D metabolite ratios (VMRs) with potentially influential factors in premenopausal women. This is a cross-sectional study based on 1422 women, aged 39-50, recruited from a Madrid Medical Diagnostic Center. Participants answered an epidemiological and a food frequency questionnaire. Serum vitamin D metabolites were determined using an SPE-LC-MS/MS platform. The association between participant's characteristics, vitamin D metabolites, and VMRs was quantified by multiple linear regression models. Mean 25(OH)D3 concentration was 49.2 + 18.9 nmol/L, with greater deficits among obese, nulliparous, dark-skinned women, and with less sun exposure. A lower R2 ratio (1,25(OH)2D3/25(OH)D3) and a higher R4 (24,25(OH)2D3/1,25(OH)2D3) were observed in nulliparous women, with high sun exposure, and those with low caloric intake or high consumption of calcium, vitamin D supplements, or alcohol. Nulliparous women had lower R1 (25(OH)D3/Vit D3) and R3 (24,25(OH)2D3/25(OH)D3), and older women showed lower R3 and R4. Vitamin D status modified the association of the VMRs with seasons. VMRs can be complementary indicators of vitamin D status and its endogenous metabolism, and reveal the influence of certain individual characteristics on the expression of hydroxylase enzymes.enAttribution 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/1,25(OH)2D324,25(OH)2D325(OH)D3Vit D3vitamin D metabolite ratiosAdultFemaleHumansMetabolomeMiddle AgedPremenopauseVitamin Dresearch article34836003open access10.3390/nu131137472072-6643PMC8621214https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/11/3747/pdf?version=1634983739https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8621214/pdf