Saez-Martinez, PrudencioPorcel-Pastrana, FranciscoPerez-Gomez, Jesus MPedraza-Arevalo, SergioGomez-Gomez, EnriqueJimenez-Vacas, Juan MGahete, Manuel DLuque, Raul M2023-05-032023-05-032022-10-25Sáez-Martínez P, Porcel-Pastrana F, Pérez-Gómez JM, Pedraza-Arévalo S, Gómez-Gómez E, Jiménez-Vacas JM, et al. Somatostatin, Cortistatin and Their Receptors Exert Antitumor Actions in Androgen-Independent Prostate Cancer Cells: Critical Role of Endogenous Cortistatin. Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Oct 27;23(21):13003http://hdl.handle.net/10668/21210Somatostatin (SST), cortistatin (CORT), and their receptors (SSTR1-5/sst5TMD4-TMD5) comprise a multifactorial hormonal system involved in the regulation of numerous pathophysiological processes. Certain components of this system are dysregulated and play critical roles in the development/progression of different endocrine-related cancers. However, the presence and therapeutic role of this regulatory system in prostate cancer (PCa) remain poorly explored. Accordingly, we performed functional (proliferation/migration/colonies-formation) and mechanistic (Western-blot/qPCR/microfluidic-based qPCR-array) assays in response to SST and CORT treatments and CORT-silencing (using specific siRNA) in different PCa cell models [androgen-dependent (AD): LNCaP; androgen-independent (AI)/castration-resistant PCa (CRPC): 22Rv1 and PC-3], and/or in the normal-like prostate cell-line RWPE-1. Moreover, the expression of SST/CORT system components was analyzed in PCa samples from two different patient cohorts [internal (n = 69); external (Grasso, n = 88)]. SST and CORT treatment inhibited key functional/aggressiveness parameters only in AI-PCa cells. Mechanistically, antitumor capacity of SST/CORT was associated with the modulation of oncogenic signaling pathways (AKT/JNK), and with the significant down-regulation of critical genes involved in proliferation/migration and PCa-aggressiveness (e.g., MKI67/MMP9/EGF). Interestingly, CORT was highly expressed, while SST was not detected, in all prostate cell-lines analyzed. Consistently, endogenous CORT was overexpressed in PCa samples (compared with benign-prostatic-hyperplasia) and correlated with key clinical (i.e., metastasis) and molecular (i.e., SSTR2/SSTR5 expression) parameters. Remarkably, CORT-silencing drastically enhanced proliferation rate and blunted the antitumor activity of SST-analogues (octreotide/pasireotide) in AI-PCa cells. Altogether, we provide evidence that SST/CORT system and SST-analogues could represent a potential therapeutic option for PCa, especially for CRPC, and that endogenous CORT could act as an autocrine/paracrine regulator of PCa progression.enAttribution 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/CortistatinProstate cancerSomatostatinSomatostatin analoguesTherapeutic toolMaleHumansAndrogensProstatic neoplasms, castration-resistantReceptors, somatostatinSomatostatinNeuropeptidesCell line, tumorCell proliferationresearch article36361790open accessAndrógenosLínea celular tumoralNeoplasias de la próstata resistentes a la castraciónNeuropéptidosProliferación celularReceptores de somatostatinaSomatostatina10.3390/ijms2321130031422-0067PMC9654089https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/21/13003/pdf?version=1666860382https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9654089/pdf