Lopez-Abente, GonzaloAragones, NuriaRamis, RebecaHernandez-Barrera, ValentinPerez-Gomez, BeatrizEscolar-Pujolar, AntonioPollan, Marina2013-01-112013-01-112006-01-27Lopez-Abente G, Aragones N, Ramis R, Hernandez-Barrera V, Perez-Gomez B, Escolar-Pujolar A, et al. Municipal distribution of bladder cancer mortality in Spain: possible role of mining and industry. BMC Public Health; 2006, 6:17http://hdl.handle.net/10668/728Comparative Study; Journal Article;BACKGROUND Spain shows the highest bladder cancer incidence rates in men among European countries. The most important risk factors are tobacco smoking and occupational exposure to a range of different chemical substances, such as aromatic amines. METHODS This paper describes the municipal distribution of bladder cancer mortality and attempts to "adjust" this spatial pattern for the prevalence of smokers, using the autoregressive spatial model proposed by Besag, York and Molliè, with relative risk of lung cancer mortality as a surrogate. RESULTS It has been possible to compile and ascertain the posterior distribution of relative risk for bladder cancer adjusted for lung cancer mortality, on the basis of a single Bayesian spatial model covering all of Spain's 8077 towns. Maps were plotted depicting smoothed relative risk (RR) estimates, and the distribution of the posterior probability of RR>1 by sex. Towns that registered the highest relative risks for both sexes were mostly located in the Provinces of Cadiz, Seville, Huelva, Barcelona and Almería. The highest-risk area in Barcelona Province corresponded to very specific municipal areas in the Bages district, e.g., Suría, Sallent, Balsareny, Manresa and Cardona. CONCLUSION Mining/industrial pollution and the risk entailed in certain occupational exposures could in part be dictating the pattern of municipal bladder cancer mortality in Spain. Population exposure to arsenic is a matter that calls for attention. It would be of great interest if the relationship between the chemical quality of drinking water and the frequency of bladder cancer could be studied.enTeorema de BayesAdultoNeoplasias pulmonaresMediana edadExposición ProfesionalEpidemiologíaFactores de riesgoDistribución por sexoFumadoresEspañaSalud urbanaNeoplasias de la vejigaAdolescenteMedical Subject Headings::Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::AdultMedical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Statistics as Topic::Probability::Bayes TheoremMedical Subject Headings::Check Tags::FemaleMedical Subject Headings::Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::HumansMedical Subject Headings::Technology, Industry, Agriculture::Technology, Industry, and Agriculture::IndustryMedical Subject Headings::Diseases::Respiratory Tract Diseases::Respiratory Tract Neoplasms::Lung NeoplasmsMedical Subject Headings::Check Tags::MaleMedical Subject Headings::Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Adult::Middle AgedMedical Subject Headings::Technology, Industry, Agriculture::Technology, Industry, and Agriculture::Industry::Extraction and Processing Industry::MiningMedical Subject Headings::Health Care::Environment and Public Health::Public Health::Environmental Pollution::Environmental Exposure::Occupational ExposureMedical Subject Headings::Health Care::Environment and Public Health::Public Health::Epidemiologic Methods::Statistics as Topic::Probability::Odds RatioMedical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Data Collection::Vital Statistics::Morbidity::PrevalenceMedical Subject Headings::Health Care::Health Care Quality, Access, and Evaluation::Quality of Health Care::Epidemiologic Factors::Causality::Risk FactorsMedical Subject Headings::Disciplines and Occupations::Social Sciences::Demography::Sex DistributionMedical Subject Headings::Psychiatry and Psychology::Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms::Behavior::Habits::SmokingMedical Subject Headings::Geographicals::Geographic Locations::Europe::SpainMedical Subject Headings::Health Care::Population Characteristics::Health::Urban HealthMedical Subject Headings::Diseases::Neoplasms::Neoplasms by Site::Urogenital Neoplasms::Urologic Neoplasms::Urinary Bladder NeoplasmsMedical Subject Headings::Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Adolescentresearch article16438735open access10.1186/1471-2458-6-171471-2458