Plaza, VicenteFernández-Rodríguez, ConcepciónMelero, CarlosCosío, Borja GEntrenas, Luís Manuelde Llano, Luis PérezGutiérrez-Pereyra, FernandoTarragona, EduardPalomino, RosaLópez-Viña, AntolínTAI Study Group2023-01-252023-01-252015-07-31http://hdl.handle.net/10668/10038To validate the 'Test of Adherence to Inhalers' (TAI), a 12-item questionnaire designed to assess the adherence to inhalers in patients with COPD or asthma. A total of 1009 patients with asthma or COPD participated in a cross-sectional multicenter study. Patients with electronic adherence ≥80% were defined as adherents. Construct validity, internal validity, and criterion validity were evaluated. Self-reported adherence was compared with the Morisky-Green questionnaire. Factor analysis study demonstrated two factors, factor 1 was coincident with TAI patient domain (items 1 to 10) and factor 2 with TAI health-care professional domain (items 11 and 12). The Cronbach's alpha was 0.860 and the test-retest reliability 0.883. TAI scores correlated with electronic adherence (ρ=0.293, p=0.01). According to the best cut-off for 10 items (score 50, area under the ROC curve 0.7), 569 (62.5%) patients were classified as non-adherents. The non-adherence behavior pattern was: erratic 527 (57.9%), deliberate 375 (41.2%), and unwitting 242 (26.6%) patients. As compared to Morisky-Green test, TAI showed better psychometric properties. The TAI is a reliable and homogeneous questionnaire to identify easily non-adherence and to classify from a clinical perspective the barriers related to the use of inhalers in asthma and COPD.enAttribution-NonCommercial 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/anti-asthmatic agents, administration and dosageinhalersmedication adherencemedication non-adherencepulmonary disease, chronic obstructive, drug therapyquestionnairesvalidation studiesAdministration, InhalationAdultAgedArea Under CurveAsthmaBronchodilator AgentsCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeHumansLungMaleMedication AdherenceMiddle AgedNebulizers and VaporizersPilot ProjectsPsychometricsPulmonary Disease, Chronic ObstructiveROC CurveReproducibility of ResultsSpainSurveys and Questionnairesresearch article26230150open access10.1089/jamp.2015.12121941-2703PMC4841905https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/pdf/10.1089/jamp.2015.1212https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4841905/pdf