Couñago, FRodriguez de Dios, NMontemuiño, SJové-Teixidó, JMartin, MCalvo-Crespo, PLópez-Mata, MSamper-Ots, M PLópez-Guerra, J LGarcía-Cañibano, TDíaz-Díaz, Vde Ingunza-Barón, LMurcia-Mejía, MAlcántara, PCorona, JPuertas, M MChust, MCouselo, M LDel Cerro, EMoradiellos, JAmor, SVarela, AThuissard, I JSanz-Rosa, DTaboada, B2023-01-252023-01-252018-02-14http://hdl.handle.net/10668/12269The role of surgery in stage IIIA-N2 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is an actively debated in oncology. To evaluate the value of surgery in this patient population, we conducted a multi-institutional retrospective study comparing neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy or chemotherapy plus surgery (CRTS) to definitive chemoradiotherapy (dCRT). A total of 247 patients with potentially resectable stage T1-T3N2M0 NSCLC treated with either CRTS or dCRT between January 2005 and December 2014 at 15 hospitals in Spain were identified. A centralized review was performed to ensure resectability. A propensity score matched analysis was carried out to balance patient and tumor characteristics (n = 78 per group). Of the 247 patients, 118 were treated with CRTS and 129 with dCRT. In the CRTS group, 62 patients (52.5%) received neoadjuvant CRT and 56 (47.4%) neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Surgery consisted of either lobectomy (97 patients; 82.2%) or pneumonectomy (21 patients; 17.8%). In the matched samples, median overall survival (OS; 56 vs 29 months, log-rank p = .002) and progression-free survival (PFS; 46 vs 15 months, log-rank p  The findings reported here indicate that neoadjuvant chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery (preferably lobectomy) yields better OS and PFS than definitive chemoradiotherapy in patients with resectable stage IIIA-N2 NSCLC.enChemoradiationNSCLCNeoadjuvant treatmentSurgerystage IIIAAdultAgedAged, 80 and overCarcinoma, Non-Small-Cell LungChemoradiotherapyFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansLung NeoplasmsMaleMiddle AgedNeoadjuvant TherapyNeoplasm StagingPneumonectomyRetrospective StudiesSurvival Analysisresearch article29571989open access10.1016/j.lungcan.2018.02.0081872-8332http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/35991/1/counago-luc-neoa.pdf