Writing Committee for the Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity DisorderAutism Spectrum DisorderBipolar DisorderMajor Depressive DisorderObsessive-Compulsive Disorderand Schizophrenia ENIGMA Working GroupsPatel, YashParker, NadineShin, JeanHoward, DerekFrench, LeonThomopoulos, Sophia IPozzi, ElenaAbe, YoshinariAbé, ChristophAnticevic, AlanAlda, MartinAleman, AndreAlloza, ClaraAlonso-Lana, SilviaAmeis, Stephanie HAnagnostou, EvdokiaMcIntosh, Andrew AArango, CelsoArnold, Paul DAsherson, PhilipAssogna, FrancescaAuzias, GuillaumeAyesa-Arriola, RosaBakker, GeorBanaj, NerisaBanaschewski, TobiasBandeira, Cibele EBaranov, AlexandrBargalló, NúriaBau, Claiton H DBaumeister, SarahBaune, Bernhard TBellgrove, Mark ABenedetti, FrancescoBertolino, AlessandroBoedhoe, Premika S WBoks, MarcoBollettini, IreneDel Mar Bonnin, CaterinaBorgers, TianaBorgwardt, StefanBrandeis, DanielBrennan, Brian PBruggemann, Jason MBülow, RobinBusatto, Geraldo FCalderoni, SaraCalhoun, Vince DCalvo, RosaCanales-Rodríguez, Erick JCannon, Dara MCarr, Vaughan JCascella, NicolaCercignani, MaraChaim-Avancini, Tiffany MChristakou, AnastasiaCoghill, DavidConzelmann, AnnetteCrespo-Facorro, BenedictoCubillo, Ana ICullen, Kathryn RCupertino, Renata BDaly, EileenDannlowski, UdoDavey, Christopher GDenys, DamiaanDeruelle, ChristineDi Giorgio, AnnabellaDickie, Erin WDima, DanaiDohm, KatharinaEhrlich, StefanEly, Benjamin AErwin-Grabner, TracyEthofer, ThomasFair, Damien AFallgatter, Andreas JFaraone, Stephen VFatjó-Vilas, MarFedor, Jennifer MFitzgerald, Kate DFord, Judith MFrodl, ThomasFu, Cynthia H YFullerton, Janice MGabel, Matt CGlahn, David CRoberts, GloriaGogberashvili, TinatinGoikolea, Jose MGotlib, Ian HGoya-Maldonado, RobertoGrabe, Hans JGreen, Melissa JGrevet, Eugenio HGroenewold, Nynke AGrotegerd, DominikGruber, OliverGruner, PatriciaGuerrero-Pedraza, AmaliaGur, Raquel EGur, Ruben CHaar, ShlomiHaarman, Bartholomeus C MHaavik, JanHahn, TimHajek, TomasHarrison, Benjamin JHarrison, Neil AHartman, Catharina AWhalley, Heather CHeslenfeld, Dirk JHibar, Derrek PHilland, EvaHirano, YoshiyukiHo, Tiffany CHoekstra, Pieter JHoekstra, LiesbethHohmann, SarahHong, L EHöschl, CyrilHøvik, Marie FHowells, Fleur MNenadic, IgorJalbrzikowski, MariaJames, Anthony CJanssen, JoostJaspers-Fayer, FernXu, JianJonassen, RuneKarkashadze, GeorgiiKing, Joseph AKircher, TiloKirschner, MatthiasKoch, KathrinKochunov, PeterKohls, GregorKonrad, KerstinKrämer, BerndKrug, AxelKuntsi, JonnaKwon, Jun SooLandén, MikaelLandrø, Nils ILazaro, LuisaLebedeva, Irina SLeehr, Elisabeth JLera-Miguel, SaraLesch, Klaus-PeterLochner, ChristineLouza, Mario RLuna, BeatrizLundervold, Astri JMacMaster, Frank PMaglanoc, Luigi AMalpas, Charles BPortella, Maria JMarsh, RachelMartyn, Fiona MMataix-Cols, DavidMathalon, Daniel HMcCarthy, HazelMcDonald, ColmMcPhilemy, GenevieveMeinert, SusanneMenchón, José MMinuzzi, LucianoMitchell, Philip BMoreno, CarmenMorgado, PedroMuratori, FilippoMurphy, Clodagh MMurphy, DeclanMwangi, BensonNabulsi, LeilaNakagawa, AkikoNakamae, TakashiNamazova, LeylaNarayanaswamy, JanardhananJahanshad, NedaNguyen, Danai DNicolau, RosaO'Gorman Tuura, Ruth LO'Hearn, KirstenOosterlaan, JaapOpel, NilsOphoff, Roel AOranje, BobGarcía de la Foz, Victor OrtizOvers, Bronwyn JPaloyelis, YannisPantelis, ChristosParellada, MaraPauli, PaulPicó-Pérez, MariaPicon, Felipe APiras, FabrizioPiras, FedericaPlessen, Kerstin JPomarol-Clotet, EdithPreda, AdrianPuig, OlgaQuidé, YannRadua, JoaquimRamos-Quiroga, J AntoniRasser, Paul ERauer, LisaReddy, JanardhanRedlich, RonnyReif, AndreasReneman, LiesbethRepple, JonathanRetico, AlessandraRicharte, VanesaRichter, AnjaRosa, Pedro G PRubia, Katya KHashimoto, RyotaSacchet, Matthew DSalvador, RaymondSantonja, JavierSarink, KelvinSarró, SalvadorSatterthwaite, Theodore DSawa, AkiraSchall, UlrichSchofield, Peter RSchrantee, AnoukSeitz, JochenSerpa, Mauricio HSetién-Suero, EstherShaw, PhilipShook, DevonSilk, Tim JSim, KangSimon, SchmittSimpson, Helen BlairSingh, AdityaSkoch, AntoninSkokauskas, NorbertSoares, Jair CSoreni, NoamSoriano-Mas, CarlesSpalletta, GianfrancoSpaniel, FilipLawrie, Stephen MStern, Emily RStewart, S EvelynTakayanagi, YoichiroTemmingh, Henk STolin, David FTomecek, DavidTordesillas-Gutiérrez, DianaTosetti, MichelaUhlmann, Annevan Amelsvoort, Theresevan der Wee, Nic J Avan der Werff, Steven J Avan Haren, Neeltje E Mvan Wingen, Guido AVance, AlasdairVázquez-Bourgon, JavierVecchio, DanielaVenkatasubramanian, GanesanVieta, EduardVilarroya, OscarVives-Gilabert, YolandaVoineskos, Aristotle NVölzke, Henryvon Polier, Georg GWalton, EstherWeickert, Thomas WWeickert, Cynthia ShannonWeideman, Andrea SWittfeld, KatharinaWolf, Daniel HWu, Mon-JuYang, T TYang, KunYoncheva, YuliyaYun, Je-YeonCheng, YuqiZanetti, Marcus VZiegler, Georg CFranke, BarbaraHoogman, MartineBuitelaar, Jan Kvan Rooij, DaanAndreassen, Ole AChing, Christopher R KVeltman, Dick JSchmaal, LianneStein, Dan Jvan den Heuvel, Odile ATurner, Jessica Avan Erp, Theo G MPausova, ZdenkaThompson, Paul MPaus, Tomáš2025-01-072025-01-072021https://hdl.handle.net/10668/27200Large-scale neuroimaging studies have revealed group differences in cortical thickness across many psychiatric disorders. The underlying neurobiology behind these differences is not well understood. To determine neurobiologic correlates of group differences in cortical thickness between cases and controls in 6 disorders: attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), bipolar disorder (BD), major depressive disorder (MDD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and schizophrenia. Profiles of group differences in cortical thickness between cases and controls were generated using T1-weighted magnetic resonance images. Similarity between interregional profiles of cell-specific gene expression and those in the group differences in cortical thickness were investigated in each disorder. Next, principal component analysis was used to reveal a shared profile of group difference in thickness across the disorders. Analysis for gene coexpression, clustering, and enrichment for genes associated with these disorders were conducted. Data analysis was conducted between June and December 2019. The analysis included 145 cohorts across 6 psychiatric disorders drawn from the ENIGMA consortium. The numbers of cases and controls in each of the 6 disorders were as follows: ADHD: 1814 and 1602; ASD: 1748 and 1770; BD: 1547 and 3405; MDD: 2658 and 3572; OCD: 2266 and 2007; and schizophrenia: 2688 and 3244. Interregional profiles of group difference in cortical thickness between cases and controls. A total of 12 721 cases and 15 600 controls, ranging from ages 2 to 89 years, were included in this study. Interregional profiles of group differences in cortical thickness for each of the 6 psychiatric disorders were associated with profiles of gene expression specific to pyramidal (CA1) cells, astrocytes (except for BD), and microglia (except for OCD); collectively, gene-expression profiles of the 3 cell types explain between 25% and 54% of variance in interregional profiles of group differences in cortical thickness. Principal component analysis revealed a shared profile of difference in cortical thickness across the 6 disorders (48% variance explained); interregional profile of this principal component 1 was associated with that of the pyramidal-cell gene expression (explaining 56% of interregional variation). Coexpression analyses of these genes revealed 2 clusters: (1) a prenatal cluster enriched with genes involved in neurodevelopmental (axon guidance) processes and (2) a postnatal cluster enriched with genes involved in synaptic activity and plasticity-related processes. These clusters were enriched with genes associated with all 6 psychiatric disorders. In this study, shared neurobiologic processes were associated with differences in cortical thickness across multiple psychiatric disorders. These processes implicate a common role of prenatal development and postnatal functioning of the cerebral cortex in these disorders.enAdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAttention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityAutism Spectrum DisorderBipolar DisorderCase-Control StudiesCerebral CortexChildChild, PreschoolCohort StudiesComputational BiologyDepressive Disorder, MajorFemaleFetal DevelopmentGene ExpressionHuman DevelopmentHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleMiddle AgedObsessive-Compulsive DisorderPrincipal Component AnalysisSchizophreniaYoung Adultresearch article32857118open access10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2020.26942168-6238PMC7450410https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapsychiatry/articlepdf/2769908/jamapsychiatry_patel_2020_oi_200052_1608576229.01168.pdf