Martinez-Montoro, Jose IgnacioCornejo-Pareja, IsabelGomez-Perez, Ana MariaTinahones, Francisco J.2025-01-072025-01-072021-11-01https://hdl.handle.net/10668/27076In the last decades, the global prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has reached pandemic proportions with derived major health and socioeconomic consequences; this tendency is expected to be further aggravated in the coming years. Obesity, insulin resistance/type 2 diabetes mellitus, sedentary lifestyle, increased caloric intake and genetic predisposition constitute the main risk factors associated with the development and progression of the disease. Importantly, the interaction between the inherited genetic background and some unhealthy dietary patterns has been postulated to have an essential role in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. Weight loss through lifestyle modifications is considered the cornerstone of the treatment for NAFLD and the inter-individual variability in the response to some dietary approaches may be conditioned by the presence of different single nucleotide polymorphisms. In this review, we summarize the current evidence on the influence of the association between genetic susceptibility and dietary habits in NAFLD pathophysiology, as well as the role of gene polymorphism in the response to lifestyle interventions and the potential interaction between nutritional genomics and other emerging therapies for NAFLD, such as bariatric surgery and several pharmacologic agents.enAttribution 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/non-alcoholic fatty liver diseasegene polymorphismdietary interventiongene-nutrient interactionsbariatric surgerypharmacotherapyDe-novo lipogenesisWeight-lossMetabolic syndromePnpla3 p.i148mOmega-3 supplementationRs738409 polymorphismInsulin-resistanceBariatric surgeryOxidative stressI148m variantreview34836332open access10.3390/nu131140772072-6643https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/11/4077/pdf?version=1636970277723718400001