Lujan-Barroso, LeilaMargara-Escudero, Hernando JCrous-Bou, MartaHuerta, Jose MariaChirlaque, Maria-DoloresMolina-Montes, EstherSanchez-Perez, Maria-JoseGuevara, MarcelaMoreno-Iribas, ConchiAmiano, PilarMokoroa, OlatzGonzalez, SoniaAgudo, AntonioQuiros, Jose RamonJakszyn, Paula2024-10-312024-10-312024-08-07Luján-Barroso L, Margara-Escudero HJ, Crous-Bou M, Huerta JM, Chirlaque MD, Molina-Montes E, et al. Chrono-Nutrition, Chrono-Type, and the Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in a Cross-Sectional Study from the EuroPean Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) Study. Nutrients. 2024 Aug 7;16(16):2598.https://hdl.handle.net/10668/24324Previous studies have shown that meal timing, poor sleep quality, and chronotype may play a relevant role in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, its relationship with macronutrients by eating occasions has not been explored deeply. : Our aim was to estimate the association between chrono-nutrition, sleep quality, chronotype, and the prevalence of T2DM. : This cross-sectional study included a subset of 3465 middle-aged Caucasian adults (2068 women) from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) Spain cohort study. In the 2017-18 follow-up, we assessed chronotype, sleep quality, diet, and sociodemographic data using validated questionnaires. Further, we used blood samples to determine serum levels of glucose. We defined a case of T2DM when serum glucose concentration was ≥126 mg/dL or when participants self-reported diabetes. : A higher prevalence of T2DM was associated with poor sleep quality (OR = 2.90, 95% CI = 1.30, 6.28). Carbohydrate intake at breakfast was inversely associated with the prevalence of T2DM (OR = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.66, 0.85). Finally, lipid intake at breakfast was associated with a 13% higher prevalence of T2DM (OR = 1.13, 95% CI = 1.01, 1.26) for each 1 standard deviation (1-SD) increase. : This study concludes that a higher content of carbohydrates at breakfast is correlated with a reduced prevalence of T2DM, while higher lipids intake at breakfast is associated with a higher prevalence of T2DM. Furthermore, poor sleep quality is a potential factor associated with an elevated prevalence of T2DM. Our results emphasize the need for prospective studies to validate and strengthen these observed associations.enAttribution 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/EPIC-SpainChrono-nutritionMacronutrientsMeal timingType 2 diabetesChrononutritionDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Circadian RhythmNutrientsresearch article39203735open accessDiabetes Mellitus Tipo 2CrononutriciónRitmo Circadiano10.3390/nu161625982072-6643