Gonzalez-Montesinos, Jose L.Fernandez-Santos, Jorge R.Vaz-Pardal, CarmenAragon-Martin, RubenArnedillo-Muñoz, AurelioReina-Novo, JoseOrantes-Gonzalez, EvaHeredia-Jimenez, JosePonce-Gonzalez, Jesus G.2023-01-202023-01-202021-01-18Gonzalez-Montesinos JL, Fernandez-Santos JR, Vaz-Pardal C, Aragon-Martin R, Arnedillo-Muñoz A, Reina-Novo J, et al. Chronic Effects of a Training Program Using a Nasal Inspiratory Restriction Device on Elite Cyclists. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jan 18;18(2):7771661-7827http://hdl.handle.net/10668/4600This study compared the response of a 9-week cycling training on ventilatory efficiency under two conditions: (i) Combined with respiratory muscle training (RMT) using a new nasal restriction device (FeelBreathe) (FB group) and (ii) without RMT (Control group). Eighteen healthy elite cyclists were randomly separated into the FB group (n = 10) or Control group (n = 8). Gas exchange was measured breath by breath to measure ventilatory efficiency during an incremental test on a cycloergometer before (Pre) and after (Post) the nine weeks of training. The FB group showed higher peak power (Δ (95%HDI) (0.82 W/kg (0.49, 1.17)), VO2max (5.27 mL/kg/min (0.69, 10.83)) and VT1 (29.3 W (1.8, 56.7)) compared to Control at PostFINAL. The FB group showed lower values from Pre to PostPRE in minute ventilation (VE) (-21.0 L/min (-29.7, -11.5)), Breathing frequency (BF) (-5.1 breaths/min (-9.4, -0.9)), carbon dioxide output (VCO2) (-0.5 L/min (-0.7, -0.2)), respiratory equivalents for oxygen (EqO2) (-0.8 L/min (-2.4, 0.8)), heart rate (HR) (-5.9 beats/min (-9.2, -2.5)),, respiratory exchange ratio (RER) (-0.1 (-0.1, -0.0) and a higher value in inspiratory time (Tin) (0.05 s (0.00, 0.10)), expiratory time (Tex) (0.11 s (0.05, 0.17)) and end-tidal partial pressure of CO2 (PETCO2) (0.3 mmHg (0.1, 0.6)). In conclusion, RMT using FB seems to be a new and easy alternative ergogenic tool which can be used at the same time as day-to-day training for performance enhancement.enAtribución 4.0 Internacionalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Respiratory muscle trainingCyclistsCardiopulmonary exercise testingExercise testCyclistChronic diseaseEjercicios respiratoriosAtletasCapacidad inspiratoriaPrueba de esfuerzoEducaciónCiclistaEnfermedad crónicaMedical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Therapeutics::Complementary Therapies::Mind-Body Therapies::Breathing ExercisesMedical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Inorganic Chemicals::Carbon Compounds, Inorganic::Carbon DioxideMedical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Diagnosis::Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures::Diagnostic Techniques, Cardiovascular::Heart Function Tests::Exercise TestMedical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Metabolic Phenomena::Oxygen ConsumptionMedical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Diagnosis::Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures::Diagnostic Techniques, Respiratory System::Respiratory Function TestsMedical Subject Headings::Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena::Human Activities::ExerciseMedical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Circulatory and Respiratory Physiological Phenomena::Respiratory Physiological Phenomena::Respiratory Physiological Processes::RespirationMedical Subject Headings::Diseases::Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms::Pathologic Processes::Disease Attributes::Chronic Diseaseresearch article33477587open access10.3390/ijerph180207771660-4601PMC7831303