Labella, FernandoAcebrón, FernandoBlanco-Valero, María del CarmenRodrígez-Martín, AlbaMonterde Ortega, ÁngelaAgüera Morales, Eduardo2022-11-252022-11-252021-03-25Labella F, Acebrón F, Blanco-Valero MDC, Rodrígez-Martín A, Monterde Ortega Á, Agüera Morales E. HIV infection and multiple sclerosis: a case with unexpected "no evidence of disease activity" status. J Int Med Res. 2021 Mar;49(3):300060521999577.0300-060533765893http://hdl.handle.net/10668/4409Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system whose etiology remains unclear. It has been suggested that MS can be triggered by certain viruses; however, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is associated with reduced incidence of MS. We present the case of a young patient diagnosed with active relapsing-remitting MS whose clinical course substantially improved following HIV infection and treatment. The patient achieved no evidence of disease activity status without any disease-modifying drugs. Both HIV-induced immunosuppression and antiretroviral therapy may have attenuated the clinical course in this patient.enAtribución-NoComercial 4.0 Internacionalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/Multiple sclerosisHuman immunodeficiency virusHuman endogenous retrovirusHighly active antiretroviral therapyImmunosuppressionNo evidence of disease activityEpstein–Barr virusEsclerosis múltipleVIHRetrovirus endógenosTerapia antirretroviral altamente activaTerapia de inmunosupresiónHerpesvirus humano 4Medical Subject Headings::Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::HumansMedical Subject Headings::Diseases::Immune System Diseases::Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes::HIV InfectionsMedical Subject Headings::Diseases::Immune System Diseases::Autoimmune Diseases::Autoimmune Diseases of the Nervous System::Demyelinating Autoimmune Diseases, CNS::Multiple SclerosisMultiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-RemittingMedical Subject Headings::Organisms::VirusesMedical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Data Collection::Vital Statistics::Morbidity::IncidenceMedical Subject Headings::Anatomy::Nervous System::Central Nervous SystemMedical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Therapeutics::Biological Therapy::Immunomodulation::Immunotherapy::Immunosuppressionresearch article33765893open access10.1177/03000605219995771473-2300