Pre- and perinatal complications in relation to Tourette syndrome and co-occurring obsessive-compulsive disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Abdulkadir, MohamedTischfield, Jay AKing, Robert AFernandez, Thomas VBrown, Lawrence WCheon, Keun-AhCoffey, Barbara Jde Bruijn, Sebastian F T MElzerman, LonnekeGarcia-Delgar, BlancaGilbert, Donald LGrice, Dorothy EHagstrøm, JulieHedderly, TammyHeyman, IsobelHong, Hyun JuHuyser, ChaimIbanez-Gomez, LauraKim, Young KeyKim, Young-ShinKoh, Yun-JooKook, SodahmKuperman, SamuelLamerz, AndreasLeventhal, BennettLudolph, Andrea GMadruga-Garrido, MarcosMaras, AthanasiosMesschendorp, Marieke DMir, PabloMorer, AstridMünchau, AlexanderMurphy, Tara LOpenneer, Thaïra J CPlessen, Kerstin JRath, Judith J GRoessner, VeitFründt, OdetteShin, Eun-YoungSival, Deborah ASong, Dong-HoSong, JungeunStolte, Anne-MarieTübing, Jennifervan den Ban, ElsVisscher, FrankWanderer, SinaWoods, MartinZinner, Samuel HState, Matthew WHeiman, Gary AHoekstra, Pieter JDietrich, Andrea2023-01-252023-01-252016-07-22http://hdl.handle.net/10668/10341Pre- and perinatal complications have been implicated in the onset and clinical expression of Tourette syndrome albeit with considerable inconsistencies across studies. Also, little is known about their role in co-occurring obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in individuals with a tic disorder. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the role of pre- and perinatal complications in relation to the presence and symptom severity of chronic tic disorder and co-occurring OCD and ADHD using data of 1113 participants from the Tourette International Collaborative Genetics study. This study included 586 participants with a chronic tic disorder and 527 unaffected family controls. We controlled for age and sex differences by creating propensity score matched subsamples for both case-control and within-case analyses. We found that premature birth (OR = 1.72) and morning sickness requiring medical attention (OR = 2.57) were associated with the presence of a chronic tic disorder. Also, the total number of pre- and perinatal complications was higher in those with a tic disorder (OR = 1.07). Furthermore, neonatal complications were related to the presence (OR = 1.46) and severity (b = 2.27) of co-occurring OCD and also to ADHD severity (b = 1.09). Delivery complications were only related to co-occurring OCD (OR = 1.49). We conclude that early exposure to adverse situations during pregnancy is related to the presence of chronic tic disorders. Exposure at a later stage, at birth or during the first weeks of life, appears to be associated with co-occurring OCD and ADHD.enAttention-deficit hyperactivity disorderDeliveryObsessive-compulsive disorderPregnancyPrenatalTourette syndromeAdolescentAdultAge FactorsAgedAged, 80 and overAttention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityCase-Control StudiesChildChild, PreschoolEuropeFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedObsessive-Compulsive DisorderParent-Child RelationsPregnancyPregnancy ComplicationsPsychiatric Status Rating ScalesRepublic of KoreaRetrospective StudiesSeverity of Illness IndexSex FactorsTic DisordersTourette SyndromeUnited StatesYoung AdultPre- and perinatal complications in relation to Tourette syndrome and co-occurring obsessive-compulsive disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.research article27494079open access10.1016/j.jpsychires.2016.07.0171879-1379PMC5026935https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc5026935?pdf=renderhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5026935/pdf