Garcia-Guzman, Juan JoseSierra-Padilla, AlfonsoPalacios-Santander, Jose MariaFernandez-Alba, Juan JesusMacias, Carmen GonzalezCubillana-Aguilera, Laura2023-05-032023-05-032022-10-20García-Guzmán JJ, Sierra-Padilla A, Palacios-Santander JM, Fernández-Alba JJ, Macías CG, Cubillana-Aguilera L. What Is Left for Real-Life Lactate Monitoring? Current Advances in Electrochemical Lactate (Bio)Sensors for Agrifood and Biomedical Applications. Biosensors (Basel). 2022 Oct 25;12(11):919http://hdl.handle.net/10668/20849Monitoring of lactate is spreading from the evident clinical environment, where its role as a biomarker is notorious, to the agrifood ambit as well. In the former, lactate concentration can serve as a useful indicator of several diseases (e.g., tumour development and lactic acidosis) and a relevant value in sports performance for athletes, among others. In the latter, the spotlight is placed on the food control, bringing to the table meaningful information such as decaying product detection and stress monitoring of species. No matter what purpose is involved, electrochemical (bio)sensors stand as a solid and suitable choice. However, for the time being, this statement seems to be true only for discrete measurements. The reality exposes that real and continuous lactate monitoring is still a troublesome goal. In this review, a critical overview of electrochemical lactate (bio)sensors for clinical and agrifood situations is performed. Additionally, the transduction possibilities and different sensor designs approaches are also discussed. The main aim is to reflect the current state of the art and to indicate relevant advances (and bottlenecks) to keep in mind for further development and the final achievement of this highly worthy objective.enAttribution 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Agrifood controlBiomedicinee-healthElectrochemical (bio)sensorsLactate monitoringSports medicineHumansLactic acidBiosensing techniquesAcidosis, lacticGoalsNeoplasmsBiomarkersAthletesAthletic performanceresearch article36354428open accessAcidosis lácticaAtletasBiomarcadoresNeoplasiasObjetivosRendimiento atléticoTécnicas biosensiblesÁcidoláctico10.3390/bios121109192079-6374PMC9688009https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/12/11/919/pdf?version=1667535284https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9688009/pdf