Hmadcha, AbdelkrimDomínguez-Bendala, JuanWakeman, JaneMohamed, ArredouaniSoria, Bernat2016-07-062016-07-062009-08Hmadcha A, Domínguez-Bendala J, Wakeman J, Mohamed, Soria B. The immune boundaries for stem cell based therapies: problems and prospective solutions. J. Cell. Mol. Med.. 2009; 13(8A):1464-751582-1838http://hdl.handle.net/10668/2256Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review;Stem cells have fascinated the scientific and clinical communities for over a century. Despite the controversy that surrounds this field, it is clear that stem cells have the potential to revolutionize medicine. However, a number of significant hurdles still stand in the way of the realization of this potential. Chiefly among these are safety concerns, differentiation efficiency and overcoming immune rejection. Here we review current progress made in this field to optimize the safe use of stem cells with particular emphasis on prospective interventions to deal with challenges generated by immune rejection.enStem cellsHistocompatibilityImmune rejectionCell therapiesCélulas MadreHistocompatibilidadTratamiento Basado en Trasplante de Células y TejidosMedical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Immune System Phenomena::Immune System Processes::Transplantation Immunology::Host vs Graft Reaction::Graft RejectionMedical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Immune System Phenomena::Immune System Processes::Transplantation Immunology::HistocompatibilityMedical Subject Headings::Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::HumansMedical Subject Headings::Anatomy::Hemic and Immune Systems::Immune SystemMedical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Immune System Phenomena::Immune System Processes::Immunomodulation::Immune ToleranceMedical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Surgical Procedures, Operative::Transplantation::Cell Transplantation::Stem Cell TransplantationMedical Subject Headings::Anatomy::Cells::Stem CellsMedical Subject Headings::Organisms::Eukaryota::Animalsresearch article19583810open access10.1111/j.1582-4934.2009.00837.x1582-4934PMC3828859