Muros Molina, J JOliveras López, Ma JMayor Reyes, MaríaReyes Burgos, TLópez García de la Serrana, H2012-12-172012-12-172011Muros Molina JJ, Oliveras López MJ, Mayor Reyes M, Reyes Burgos T, López García de la Serrana H. Influence of physical activity and dietary habits on lipid profile, blood pressure and BMI in subjects with metabolic syndrome. Nutr Hosp 2011; 26(5):1105-90212-1611http://hdl.handle.net/10668/721Journal Article;Introducción:_ En el presente estudio se determinó la influencia de la actividad física y los hábitos nutricionales sobre el perfil lipídico, presión arterial (PA) e índice de masa corporal (IMC) en sujetos con SM. Objetivos: Comprobar la relación entre realizar actividad física y una nutrición adecuada, y la posibilidad de sufrir infarto de miocardio (IM). Método: Se evaluaron 100 sujetos con SM. Los sujetos que manifestaban ser activos y llevaban una alimentación saludable fueron clasificados como cumplidores, mientras que al resto se les clasificó como no cumplidores. Resultados: Los sujetos cumplidores presentan valores menores en cuanto a su IMC (30,8+4,9 vs 32,5+ 4,6) y sus niveles de triglicéridos (130,4+48,2 vs 242,1+90,1) colesterol total (193,5+39 vs 220,2+52,3) y colesterol unido a lipoproteínas de baja densidad (105,2+38,3 vs 139,2+15,3) siendo las diferencias estadísticamente significativas. La PA, tanto sistólica como diastólica, no muestra diferencias entre ambos grupos; en cambio el grupo que manifiesta realizar una alimentación adecuada obtiene unos niveles de presión arterial sistólica menores que el grupo que no la realiza. La posibilidad de padecer IM aumenta significativamente en el grupo de sujetos no cumplidores. Conclusiones: Nuestros resultados muestran como la realización de actividad física de tipo aeróbica y llevar a cabo una alimentación individualizada de tipo mediterráneo reduce significativamente los parámetros relacionados con el SM y las posibilidades de sufrir IM.BACKGROUND The present study was determined the influence of physical activity and dietary habits on lipid profile, blood pressure (BP) and body mass index (BMI) in subjects with metabolic syndrome (MS). AIMS Identify the relationship between physical activity and proper nutrition and the probability of suffering from myocardial infarction (MI). METHODS Hundred chronically ill with MS who were active and followed a healthy diet were classified as compliant, while the remaining subjects were classified as non-compliant. RESULTS The compliant subjects show lower BMI values (30.8±4.9 vs 32.5±4.6), as well as lower levels of triacylglycerol (130.4±48.2 vs 242.1±90.1), total cholesterol (193.5±39 vs 220.2±52.3) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (105.2±38.3 vs 139.2±45). They show higher values in terms of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (62.2±20.1 vs 36.6±15.3), with statistically significant differences. In terms of both systolic and diastolic pressure, no differences were revealed between the groups; however, those who maintain proper dietary habits show lower systolic blood pressure levels than the inactive subjects. The probability of suffering from MI greatly increases among the group of non-compliant subjects. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate how performing aerobic physical activity and following an individualized, Mediterranean diet significantly reduces MS indicators and the chances of suffering from MI.enPhysical activityDietary habitsHealthMetabolic syndromeActividad físicaHábitos dietéticosSaludSíndrome metabólicoLipidsLipoproteins, LDLTriglyceridesCholesterolBlood GlucoseMedical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Carbohydrates::Monosaccharides::Hexoses::Glucose::Blood GlucoseMedical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Circulatory and Respiratory Physiological Phenomena::Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena::Hemodynamics::Blood PressureMedical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Chemical Phenomena::Biochemical Phenomena::Body CompositionMedical Subject Headings::Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Diagnosis::Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures::Physical Examination::Body Constitution::Body Weights and Measures::Body Mass IndexMedical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Polycyclic Compounds::Steroids::Cholestanes::Cholestenes::CholesterolMedical Subject Headings::Check Tags::FemaleMedical Subject Headings::Psychiatry and Psychology::Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms::Behavior::Habits::Food HabitsMedical Subject Headings::Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::HumansMedical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::LipidsMedical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Lipids::Lipoproteins::Lipoproteins, LDLMedical Subject Headings::Check Tags::MaleMedical Subject Headings::Diseases::Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases::Metabolic Diseases::Metabolic Syndrome XMedical Subject Headings::Diseases::Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases::Metabolic Diseases::Metabolic Syndrome XMedical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena::Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena::Musculoskeletal Physiological Processes::Movement::Motor ActivityMedical Subject Headings::Diseases::Cardiovascular Diseases::Heart Diseases::Myocardial Ischemia::Myocardial InfarctionMedical Subject Headings::Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Nutritional Physiological PhenomenaMedical Subject Headings::Health Care::Health Care Quality, Access, and Evaluation::Delivery of Health Care::Attitude to Health::Patient Acceptance of Health Care::Patient ComplianceMedical Subject Headings::Chemicals and Drugs::Lipids::Glycerides::TriglyceridesMedical Subject Headings::Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Adult::Agedresearch article22072359open access10.1590/S0212-161120110005000271699-5198